Evidence mapPaperPMID 40805324Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Investigation of the Influence of Process Parameters on the Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Oil-Based Composites.

Anita Zawadzka, Magda Kijania-Kontak

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Anita ZawadzkaDepartment of Engineering and Chemical Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1384-083X
Magda Kijania-KontakDepartment of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1899-3835

Funding

National Centre for Research and Development LIDER/29/0157/L-12/20/NCBR/2021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The increasing consumption of edible oils has resulted in a parallel rise in waste cooking oil (WCO), a harmful waste stream but one that also represents a promising raw material. In this study, oil-based binders were synthesised from WCO using various reagents: Sulfuric(VI) acid, hydrobromic acid, acetic acid, salicylic acid, glycolic acid, zinc acetate, ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, and their selected mixtures. The manufacturing process was optimised, and the composites were evaluated for physicochemical and mechanical properties, including compressive strength, bending strength, and water absorption. The best performance was observed for composites catalysed with a mixture of sulfuric(VI) acid and 20% hydrogen peroxide, cured at 240 °C, yielding compressive and bending strengths of 5.20 MPa and 1.34 MPa, respectively. Under modified curing conditions, a compressive strength of 5.70 MPa and a bending strength of 0.75 MPa were obtained. The composite modified with glycolic acid showed the lowest water absorption (3%). These findings demonstrate how catalyst type and curing parameters influence composite structure, porosity, and mechanical behaviour. The study provides new insights into the process-structure-property relationships in oil-based materials and supports the development of environmentally friendly composites from waste feedstocks.

Indexed as

absorbabilitybuilding materialscleaner productioncompositecompression strengthoil blockwaste cooking oil

Identifiers

PMID40805324
PMCPMC12346986

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.