ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Metals Detected in Milk and Dairy Products in Türkiye: An Assessment in Terms of Human Exposure and Health Risks.
Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Human Milk as a Biomonitor of Toxic Metal Exposure: Sources, Transfer Mechanisms, and Implications for Infant Health-A Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Article
- Preparation of novel karaya gum derived covalent immobilizers via polyethylene-imine and glutaraldehyde processing.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Health Risk Assessment of Dietary Chemical Exposures: A Comprehensive Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Monitoring of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Pcbs) Contamination in Milk and Dairy Products and Beverages in Türkiye: A Public Health Perspective.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Occurrence of potentially toxic metals in Turkish cheese with dietary intake and health risk assessment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
This study investigated ten potential toxic metals (PTMs) in six milk and dairy product types and evaluated food safety (TDI, RDA), human exposure (EDI), non-carcinogenic risk (THQ, HI), and contamination levels (CF, PLI). Based on total PTM load, products ranked as: children's milk > yogurt > protein milk > milk > ayran > kefir. Aluminum (Al) showed the highest average concentration in all products except ayran, where manganese (Mn) was dominant. Cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) were consistently at the lowest levels. Except for chromium (Cr) exposure from children's milk, all average and maximum EDI values stayed below TDI and RDA thresholds. Children's milk had the highest non-carcinogenic risk, while yogurt, kefir, milk, and ayran may also pose potential risks when maximum HI values are considered. Although CF values varied across products, PLI results showed all products had high levels of PTM contamination. Given the widespread consumption of dairy across all age groups, especially by sensitive populations like children, monitoring and controlling PTM levels is crucial alongside ensuring nutritional quality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.