Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40808385›Full record

ArticleNeural regeneration research2026

Voltage-gated sodium channels in the nervous system: Molecular physiology to therapeutic interventions.

Ni Li, Lin Yan, Anna Peng, Xuefei Fu, Huan Qin, Kai Yao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neural regeneration research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ni LiInstitute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Lin YanInstitute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Anna PengInstitute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Xuefei FuInstitute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Huan QinInstitute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1785-1114
Kai YaoInstitute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8122-430

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Voltage-gated sodium channels are essential ionic-conductance pathways in the nervous system, which play an irreplaceable role in modulating neuronal excitability and signal transduction. This review comprehensively analyzes the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological significance of voltage-gated sodium channels, with particular emphasis on elucidating the molecular-action mechanisms of the distinct subtypes of these channels, including Nav1.1, Nav1.2, and Nav1.6, across various neurological disorders such as familial hemiplegic migraine, epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, and retinal dysfunction. This review also provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenic mechanisms associated with voltage-gated sodium channels, and systematically clarifies the evolutionary pathway of treatment strategies from conventional to innovative approaches. It analyzes two major categories of conventional sodium channel blockers and their applications: antiepileptic drugs (such as carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and phenytoin) and antiarrhythmic drugs (such as lidocaine, flecainide, and quinidine). However, these conventional blockers show limitations because of the lack of selectivity, driving research toward more precise therapeutic directions. Additionally, this review evaluates gabapentin, cannabidiol, and calcium channel blockers with different mechanisms of action. These drugs modulate neuronal excitability from multiple perspectives, providing diverse options for symptom relief. This review also highlights advances in gene therapy for specific diseases, such as STK-001, which promotes effective splicing of the sodium channel voltage-gated type 1 alpha subunit ( SCN1A ) gene, and ETX101, which utilizes adeno-associated virus 9 vectors to deliver engineered transcription factors. These two agents provide targeted therapeutic solutions for Dravet syndrome. Furthermore, this review summarizes some innovative therapeutic agents in clinical trials, including PRAX-222 (for SCN2A gain-of-function mutation-related epilepsy), which has received Food and Drug Administration orphan drug designation, and the selective Nav1.6 inhibitor NBI-921352 (for SCN8A -related epilepsy). Collectively, this review comprehensively compares the advantages and disadvantages of conventional drugs and gene therapy and envisions future treatment strategies that integrate the strengths of both approaches, facilitating personalized precision medicine to provide more accurate and effective treatment options for patients with ion channel diseases.

Indexed as

autism spectrum disorderchannelopathiesclinical trialDravet syndromeepilepsyfamilial hemiplegic migrainegene therapynerve regenerationneuronal regenerationrenin-angiotensin systemretinal degeneration

Identifiers

PMID40808385
PMCPMC13211846

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.