Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40812492›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of medicine2026

Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 inhibitors in patients with systemic sclerosis with or without heart failure.

Silvio Nunes Augusto, David C Kaelber, Soumya Chatterjee, W H Wilson Tang

Abstract read
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Article in The American journal of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Silvio Nunes AugustoCardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA.
David C KaelberThe Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA; The Departments of Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, and Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Soumya ChatterjeeDepartment of Rheumatic and Immunologic Disease, Medical Specialty Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
W H Wilson TangCardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address: tangw@ccf.org.

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Northern Ohio, Catalyzing Linkages for Everyone's Health (CLE Health)UM1TR004528 · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$7.9M
NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004528
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with systemic sclerosis are at heightened risk of developing heart failure. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown cardio-renal benefits in diverse populations with cardio-renal dysfunction, but their impact on outcomes in patients with systemic sclerosis has not been described.

methodsThis retrospective cohort study used the Research Network of the TriNetX platform to compare outcomes between patients with systemic sclerosis prescribed with SGLT2 inhibitors versus those without SGLT2i prescription, using data from January 1, 2013, to May 6, 2025. Following propensity score matching, each cohort included 1,402 patients with balanced baseline characteristics (standardized mean differences <0.2). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included first-time heart failure diagnosis, acute heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, hospitalization, stroke, cardiac arrest, and chronic kidney disease.

resultsSGLT2i prescription was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality (Hazard Ratio [HR] 0.54, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.44-0.66), stroke (HR 0.64, 95 % CI 0.42-0.96), and hospitalization (HR 0.76, 95 % CI 0.66-0.86). Notably, patients without a history of heart failure (HR 0.62, 95 % CI 0.45-0.87) and patients with a history of heart failure also had a lower risk of hospitalization (HR 0.76, 95 % CI 0.57-1.00). No significant differences were observed in the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events, acute myocardial infarction, or chronic kidney disease.

conclusionIn this real-world analysis, SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with reduced mortality, stroke, and hospitalization in patients with systemic sclerosis, supporting their potential therapeutic role in this population.

Indexed as

Heart FailureScleroderma, SystemicSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAgedFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsHospitalizationMortalitySGLT2 inhibitorsStrokeSystemic sclerosis

Identifiers

PMID40812492
PMCPMC13277706

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.