ArticleBMC public health2025
Mobile phone dependency and subclinical depressive-anxiety symptom co-occurrence in college students: a cross-lagged panel network analysis.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mobile phone addiction among nursing interns and its related influencing factors: a cross-sectional network analysis.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Network Analysis of Multidimensional Interactions Between Self-Regulatory Fatigue, Decision Conflict, and Quality of Life in Advanced Cancer Patients: Identifying Core Nodes for Precision Intervention.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mobile Phone Craving in Spain: Associations with Impulsivity, Anxiety, Gaming Problem, and Gambling Severity.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dynamic interactions between physical activity, exercise adherence, and adverse psychological states in Chinese older adults: a cross-lagged network analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Directional Relations Between Symptoms of Adolescent Smartphone Addiction, Academic Burnout, and Psychological Distress: A Cross-Lagged Panel Network Analysis.Psychology research and behavior management · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWith the widespread use of smartphones among college students, issues related to smartphone dependence have become increasingly prevalent. Existing research has shown that subclinical anxiety and depression often co-occur and are closely associated with smartphone dependence. This study employed a cross-lagged panel network approach to explore the dynamic interplay between smartphone dependence and the co-occurrence of subclinical anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students.
methodsThe Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used as measurement tools. Two waves of longitudinal data were collected from 571 college students (26.3% male; mean age = 19.53 years, SD = 1.12) between March 2024 and September 2024.
resultsThe results revealed that anxiety symptoms significantly predicted smartphone dependence. The node Uncontrollable worry (A2) exerted the strongest influence on other symptoms, whereas Delayed work (MPAI-16) was more frequently predicted by other symptoms. The three strongest cross-lagged paths in the network were from Spend too much time (MPAI-2) to Complained by others (MPAI-1), from Uncontrollable worry (A2) to Delayed work (MPAI-16), and from Uncontrollable worry (A2) to Anxiety if not used for some time (MPAI-10), all of which played a key role in maintaining the overall network structure.
conclusionBased on these findings, interventions targeting smartphone dependence among college students should begin with an assessment of their interpersonal relationships and anxiety levels. Enhancing social support, fostering healthy interpersonal connections, and alleviating students' worries and fears may serve as effective strategies to reduce smartphone dependence in this population.
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