ArticleTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2025
Serological Evidence of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections as a Potential Risk for Severity in Leprosy Patients.
Article in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Helminths as architects of trained tolerance: implications for human health.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Review
- Serological Evidence of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections as a Potential Risk for Severity in Leprosy Patients.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Leprosy presents a broad clinical spectrum influenced by the host's immune response, and co-infections may further modulate disease progression. This study evaluated clinically diagnosed leprosy patients (n = 251) from Sergipe and Minas Gerais, Brazil, along with healthy controls (n = 43), soil-transmitted helminths-positive controls (n = 15), and household contacts (n = 176). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed using predicted B-cell epitopes from immunogenic proteins of Ascaris sp., Trichuris trichiura, Strongyloides stercoralis, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. Among leprosy patients, 123 (49%) were IgG seropositive for at least one soil-transmitted helminths antigen. Nine (7.3%) had optical density (OD) values exceeding 2-fold the cut-off, six (4.9%) surpassed 3-fold and one exceeded 7-fold. In patients with documented reactions (n = 34), seropositivity was observed in 6 with neuritis, 14 with type 1 reaction (T1R) and 14 with type 2 reaction (T2R), totaling 61.8%. Among household contacts, 96 (54.5%) were seropositive. Stratified analyses revealed significant differences in IgG levels between soil-transmitted helminths-seropositive and seronegative individuals within both paucibacillary and multibacillary groups, despite no overall association with operational classification. These findings suggest that helminth exposure may influence immune responses within leprosy subtypes and contribute to reactional episodes. The high seroprevalence observed in both patients and household contacts highlights shared environmental exposure and supports the inclusion of helminth monitoring in leprosy control strategies. Early detection and treatment of co-infections may reduce immune imbalances and severe inflammatory outcomes. Further studies are needed to elucidate the immunological mechanisms underlying helminth-leprosy interactions and to strengthen integrated approaches in public health.
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Registered trials
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