Evidence mapPaperPMID 40818756Full record

ArticleJournal of the American College of Radiology : JACR2026

Facility-Level Variation Underlying Low Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval in the United States.

Premal Trivedi, Lei Wang, Evan Carey, Richard Lindrooth, Maria Puello Baron, Jonathan Lindquist, P Michael Ho

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Premal TrivediDivision Chief of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address: premal.trivedi@cuanschutz.edu.
Lei WangDivision of Biostatistics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado.
Evan CareyActing Director, National Artificial Intelligence Institute, Department of Veterans Affairs, Aurora, Colorado.
Richard LindroothDepartment of Health Systems, Management and Policy, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado.
Maria Puello BaronDepartment of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Jonathan LindquistVice Chair of Operations, Quality and Safety, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
P Michael HoSenior Clinician Investigator, Institute for Health Research and Cardiology Department, Kaiser Permanente, Denver, Colorado.

Funding

Implanted but not forgotten: identifying and testing pragmatic strategies to improve inferior vena cava filter retrievalK23HL163492 · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · 2025 to 2025
$166k
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL163492
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTimely retrieval of inferior vena cava (IVC) filters is recommended to reduce complications and optimize outcomes. This study aims to quantify facility-level variation in risk-adjusted IVC filter retrieval across US hospitals and to identify patient- and hospital-level factors associated with nonretrieval.

methodsMedicare beneficiaries undergoing IVC filter implantation were identified in the 100% claims files for years 2016 to 2020. Facility-level variation in device retrieval was quantified using Bayesian hospital profiling. Patient- and hospital-level factors associated with nonretrieval were assessed using logistic regression, adjusting for diagnostic indication, comorbidities, and implantation year.

resultsIVC filters were implanted in 119,613 Medicare beneficiaries across 2,485 facilities. Retrieval rates were low: median 6.2% within 3 months and 14.8% within 1 year. Excluding deaths within 3 months (30.2%), retrieval ranged from 0% to 100% across facilities. Among high-volume hospitals (top 25th percentile, implanting ≥13 filters per year), 1-year risk-adjusted retrieval ranged from 0% to 74.5%, mean 20% ± 14.2% (positive skew 0.95). Patient factors associated with IVC filter nonretrieval included age > 80 years (odds ratio 2.98, 95% confidence interval [2.73-3.24]), Black race (1.62, [1.51-1.72]), and Hispanic ethnicity (1.45, [1.16-1.80]). Among hospital factors, nonteaching (1.45 [1.37-1.53]), small bed size (1.37 [1.24-1.50]), and safety-net (1.42 [1.34-1.50]) facilities were strongly associated with IVC filter nonretrieval. DISCUSSION: High mortality within 3 months of IVC filter implantation suggests opportunity to improve patient selection and, potentially, device type choice. There is large facility-level variance underlying low aggregate IVC filter retrieval nationally; a focus on standardizing device surveillance and identifying best practices from high-performing facilities is warranted.

Indexed as

Device RemovalVena Cava FiltersAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMedicareRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesBayesian hospital profilingIVC filter retrievalvariance

Identifiers

PMID40818756
PMCPMC13285842

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.