Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40818772›Full record

ArticleChest2026

Mortality Outcomes and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Use in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Burcu Ozaltin, Robert Chapman, Tine Follet, Marie Vermant, Muhammad Qummer Ul Arfeen, Natalie Fitzpatick, Harry Hemingway, Wim Wuyts, Kenan Direk, Joseph Jacob

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Chest, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Burcu OzaltinSatsuma Lab, Hawkes Institute, University College London, London, England.
Robert ChapmanSatsuma Lab, Hawkes Institute, University College London, London, England; UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, England. Electronic address: robert.chapman2@nhs.net.
Tine FolletDepartment of Respiratory Diseases, Unit for Interstitial Lung Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Marie VermantDepartment of Respiratory Diseases, Unit for Interstitial Lung Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Muhammad Qummer Ul ArfeenUCL Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, England.
Natalie FitzpatickUCL Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, England.
Harry HemingwayUCL Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, England.
Wim WuytsDepartment of Respiratory Diseases, Unit for Interstitial Lung Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Kenan DirekImperial Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, England.
Joseph JacobSatsuma Lab, Hawkes Institute, University College London, London, England; UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, England.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAngiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely used antihypertensive agents with proven cardioprotective effects. Previous mechanistic and clinical studies have suggested that ACE inhibitor therapy may slow disease progression and reduce mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). RESEARCH QUESTION: Does ACE inhibitor use associate with reduced all-cause mortality in a real-world population of patients with IPF, and if so, is the association also present in patients with COPD? STUDY DESIGN AND

methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted by using electronic health records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GP Online Database (2019), linked with Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care and Office for National Statistics death registration data. Patients with IPF and COPD were stratified based on ACE inhibitor use (defined as ≥ 3 prescriptions within the 5 years preceding diagnosis) and matched by age, sex, and smoking history using propensity score matching. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, indices of multiple deprivation, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and common cardiovascular comorbidities. In the IPF cohort, competing risk analysis was used to account for cause-specific mortality.

resultsThe study included 3,579 patients with IPF and matched COPD control participants (mean age, 74 years; 36% female). Among the IPF cohort, 1,328 (37%) were ACE inhibitor users, compared with 1,061 (30%) among patients with COPD. ACE inhibitor use was associated with improved survival, independent of coexisting comorbidities, in patients with IPF (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.75-0.91; P ≤ .001), but a similar association was not found in patients with COPD (hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.96-1.23; P = .180).

interpretationIn this study, ACE inhibitor therapy was independently associated with reduced all-cause mortality in IPF but not in COPD. Prospective trials are warranted to confirm these findings in IPF populations.

Indexed as

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsIdiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisAgedAged, 80 and overCause of DeathFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScorePulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveRetrospective StudiesUnited KingdomAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsACE inhibitorantifibroticCOPDdrug repurposingfibrosisidiopathic pulmonary fibrosismortality

Identifiers

PMID40818772
PMCPMC12895332

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.