ArticlePlant biotechnology journal2025
The MdGLK1-MdBZR1 Module Integrates Ethylene and Strigolactone Signals to Regulate Cold Tolerance via a CBF-Dependent Pathway in Apple.
Article in Plant biotechnology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Enhancing cold tolerance through HubZIP6-mediated CBF activation and salicylic acid signaling in pitaya.Molecular horticulture · 2026Article
- Strigolactone-mediated architecture regulation and stress resilience: Insights and innovations for crop breeding.Journal of integrative plant biology · 2026Review
- Regulatory insights underlying apple to cold stress.Horticulture research · 2026Article
- Genome-wide identification of the GLK gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and analysis of expression responses in different environments.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Conservation and divergence of abiotic stress-responsive gene co-expression networks in diploid and tetraploid cotton.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although ethylene and strigolactone (SL) are key regulators of cold tolerance in plants, the molecular crosstalk between their signalling pathways is poorly understood. Here, we identified the transcription factor GOLDEN2-LIKE1 (MdGLK1) as a central integrator of ethylene and SL signalling during the apple (Malus × domestica) cold stress response. MdGLK1 enhanced cold tolerance by recruiting BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1 (MdBZR1), a core component of brassinosteroid signalling, thereby promoting MdBZR1-mediated transcriptional activation of the cold-responsive genes C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR1 (MdCBF1) and MdCBF2. Ethylene signalling modulated this process through ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3-BINDING F-BOX PROTEIN1 (MdEBF1), which targets MdGLK1 for proteasomal degradation, thereby attenuating MdGLK1-enhanced cold tolerance. In addition, SUPPRESSOR OF MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2-LIKE8 (MdSMXL8), a repressor of SL signalling, interfered with the formation of the MdGLK1-MdBZR1 complex, further suppressing MdGLK1-mediated cold tolerance. Collectively, the MdGLK1-MdBZR1-MdCBF1/2 regulatory module operates as a signalling hub that integrates the ethylene and SL pathways during cold stress adaptation in apple. These findings elucidate the molecular mechanism by which MdGLK1 coordinates ethylene and SL signals to enhance cold tolerance, thereby offering potential targets for optimising the trade-off between growth and stress tolerance in plants.
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Registered trials
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