ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2025
Effects of six traditional Chinese mind-body exercises on obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients: a network Meta-Analysis of 49 RCTs.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of traditional Chinese medicine non-pharmacological intervention in patients with simple obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Association of cumulative cholesterol-HDL-glucose index with blood pressure changes and risk of new-onset hypertension in middle-aged and older adults: a cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundWith the increasing global aging population, the prevalence of hypertension among middle-aged and older adults has significantly risen, with over one-third of individuals aged 40 and above diagnosed with hypertension. Uncontrolled hypertension contributes significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and other health problems, placing a heavy burden on society. Therefore, the prevention and management of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly people has become a public health priority. Traditional Chinese mind-body exercise is gradually gaining attention due to its low damage and high compliance, and is particularly suitable for the middle-aged and elderly.
methodsWe screened relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published after 2000 by searching five English and three Chinese databases. Study inclusion criteria included hypertensive patients (≥ 45 years old, SBP/DBP > 130/80 mm Hg) receiving at least 8 weeks of Tai Chi, Baduanjin, Liuzijue, Shuxinpingxuegong, Qigong, or Daoyinyangshengshu interventions to assess SBP, DBP, WC, WHR or BMI indicators. Risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed using the Cochrane tool and the GRADE framework. Effect values and heterogeneity (I² statistic) were calculated by random-effects multivariate Network Meta-Analysis combined with Review Manager and STATA software, and SUCRA values were used to rank intervention effects.
resultsA total of 49 randomized controlled trials covering 4,224 hypertensive patients were included. Risk of bias assessment showed that 77.55% of the studies were low risk, 14.28% were intermediate risk, and 8.16% were high risk. The NMA results showed that in terms of systolic blood pressure reduction, Tai Chi performed best (SMD = -1.10, 95% CI [-1.23, -0.98], SUCRA = 86.9), followed by Daoyinyangshengshu (SMD = -1.00, 95% CI [-1.34, -0.67], SUCRA = 67.4) and Liuzijue (SMD = -0.97, 95% CI [-1.28, -0.66], SUCRA = 62). Daoyinyangshengshu (SMD = -1.26, 95% CI [-1.65, -0.87], SUCRA = 88) and Liuzijue (SMD = -1.06, 95% CI [-1.42, -0.70], SUCRA = 69.2) ranked highly in terms of reducing diastolic blood pressure. In terms of improving waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), Tai Chi had a significant effect (SMD = -0.50, 95% CI [-0.72, -0.28], SUCRA = 90.4; WHR: SMD = -1.75, 95% CI [-2.65, -0.84], SUCRA = 89.8), though the GRADE assessment indicated low-quality evidence for WHR outcomes due to limited studies and potential heterogeneity. Tai Chi (SMD = -0.35, 95% CI [-0.50, -0.20], SUCRA = 80) and Daoyinyangshengshu (SMD = -0.58, 95% CI [-1.14, -0.01], SUCRA = 60.3) outperformed the other interventions in terms of reducing body mass index.
conclusionThis study supports integrating traditional Chinese mind-body exercises like Tai Chi and Baduanjin into hypertension management for middle-aged and elderly patients. Tai Chi effectively lowers blood pressure and reduces abdominal obesity, while Baduanjin improves BMI. Personalized interventions with culturally adapted protocols could optimize adherence and global adoption.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.