ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2026
Efficacy of coronary sinus reducer in patients with refractory angina and chronic total occlusion.
Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Device-Based Therapies for Refractory Angina.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCoronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a common cause of refractory angina, and impaired quality of life. Coronary sinus reducer (CSR) implantation is a safe and effective therapy for patients with refractory angina.
aimTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of reducer implantation to relieve angina in patients with CTO.
methodsPatients with refractory angina and no option for revascularization who underwent Reducer implantation between 2011 and 2023 were included. Angina symptoms, physical capacity, and quality of life were evaluated at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year following reducer implantation. Clinical outcomes were compared between patients with and without CTO.
resultsOverall, 262 patients (70 ± 11 years old, 24% female) underwent reducer implantation, and 131 (50%) had CTO. Among the entire population, 77% of patients had improvement of at least 1 CCS class following reducer implantation, and 42% reported improvement of ≥ 2 grades of CCS at 1 year. Median 6MWT increased from 300 m (IQR 218-382) to 358 m (IQR 275-419) 6 months following reducer implantation, and all 5 domains of the SAQ improved (p < 0.001 for all). The degree of improvement in angina severity as well as in quality of life was similar for patients with and without CTO except for better improvement in 6MWT distance among patients without CTO. Patients with CTO of the right coronary artery showed similar improvement following reducer implantation.
conclusionsReducer implantation is similarly beneficial for patients with refractory angina due to both CTO and non-CTO lesions. Randomized prospective studies are needed to evaluate the optimal therapeutic approach in these patients.
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Registered trials
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