Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40831283›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025

Inhaling Eugenol Inhibits NAFLD by Activating the Hepatic Ectopic Olfactory Receptor Olfr544 and Modulating the Gut Microbiota.

Xiao-Ran Wang, Zhan-Zhan Li, Shu-Ding Sun, Ya-Gang Song, Jin-Xin Miao, Xiang-Xiang Wu, Yong-Li Han, Xiao-Lei Zhang, Wen-Jing Chen, Qing-Hua Wang and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Xiao-Ran WangFirst Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Zhan-Zhan LiAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3725-0575
Shu-Ding SunAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Ya-Gang SongAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Jin-Xin MiaoAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Xiang-Xiang WuAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Yong-Li HanAcupuncture Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Xiao-Lei ZhangAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Wen-Jing ChenAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Qing-Hua WangPharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Yu ZhangAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Yiping FuAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Yu-Ting LiuPharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Lin-Yan LangPharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Wen-Xia ZhaoDepartment of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Ming-San MiaoAcademy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.

Funding

Associates Fund of Henan Province Science and Technology Research and Development Program 232301420077China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2023TQ0109 GZB20230196Henan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Double First-Class Scientific Research Project STG-ZYX02-202117 HSRP- DFCTCM-2023-3-13Henan Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars 242300421090Key Science and Technology Program of Henan Province 232301420019National Natural Science Foundation of China 82304831National Qi-Huang scholar 2022-6Young Talent Support Program of Henan Association for Science and Technology 2025HYTP092
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health threat with currently limited therapeutic options. Inhalation therapy shows promise for treating metabolic disorders due to rapid absorption and high patient adherence, though relevant medications remain scarce. Eugenol (EUG), the primary component of Syzygium aromaticum volatile oil, emerges as a promising NAFLD inhibitor from lipid-lowering aromatic Chinese medicine screening. EUG elicited significant anti-steatotic effects in both cultured hepatocytes and comprehensive high-fat diet-induced NAFLD animal models. Mechanistically, EUG targeted the activation of the hepatic ectopic olfactory receptor Olfr544 and up-regulated its downstream cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element binding protein signaling pathway, which further promoted fat lipolysis and oxidation. This effect is prevented by Olfr544 knockdown models both in vitro and in vivo, with supporting bioinformatics analysis. Moreover, EUG reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis and enriched two probiotic strains L. ruteri XR23 and L. johnsonii XR25, and oral gavage potently mitigated NAFLD in mice, with the key metabolites 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA) and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) inhibiting lipid synthesis. Lower levels of 5-HIAA and IPA are observed in patients with NAFLD. These results highlight the considerable potential of EUG as an agonist of Olfr544 for treating NAFLD by inhalation.

Indexed as

EugenolGastrointestinal MicrobiomeNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseReceptors, OdorantAdministration, InhalationAnimalsDiet, High-FatDisease Models, AnimalHepatocytesHumansLiverMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLEugenolReceptors, Odoranteugenolgut microbiotaNAFLDolfactory receptorvolatile oils

Identifiers

PMID40831283
PMCPMC12622515

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.