Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40836330›Full record

ArticleBMC geriatrics2025

Anemia and malnutrition in geriatric hospitalized patients: a cross-sectional retrospective study.

Elisabeth Lucia Zeilinger, Bärbel Sturtzel, Alexa Leonie Meyer, Jakob Pietschnig, Caterina Sturtzel, Julia Lehner, Chiara Popinger, Gerald Ohrenberger, Ibrahim Elmadfa, Matthias Unseld

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC geriatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Elisabeth Lucia Zeilinger *Department of Clinical Research SBG, Academy for Ageing Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit, Vienna, Austria. elisabeth.zeilinger@univie.ac.at.
Bärbel Sturtzel *Department of Clinical Research SBG, Academy for Ageing Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit, Vienna, Austria.
Alexa Leonie MeyerDepartment of Clinical Research SBG, Academy for Ageing Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit, Vienna, Austria.
Jakob PietschnigDepartment of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Caterina SturtzelInnovative Cancer Models, St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
Julia LehnerDepartment of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, A-1010, Vienna, Austria.
Chiara PopingerDepartment of Clinical Research SBG, Academy for Ageing Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit, Vienna, Austria.
Gerald OhrenbergerDepartment of Clinical Research SBG, Academy for Ageing Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit, Vienna, Austria.
Ibrahim ElmadfaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Matthias UnseldDepartment of Clinical Research SBG, Academy for Ageing Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit, Vienna, Austria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNutritional factors contributing to anemia in older adults are in need of clarification. We investigated associations between nutritional biomarkers and the incidence of anemia.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in two centers. Data were collected from patients living in long-term care hospitals. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) was applied to determine nutritional risk. Blood parameters were obtained from medical records. Anemics vs. non-anemics were assigned according to hemoglobin levels following the WHO guidelines. Multiple linear regression analysis were performed for statistical analysis.

resultsThe sample consisted of N = 97 geriatric patients (mean age 84.9 years, 86% female). Anemic patients had a significantly lower GNRI (M = 90.6 ± 5.94; p =.007) than non-anemic patients (M = 94.7 ± 6.11). Serum albumin (p =.008), blood iron (p <.001), number of erythrocytes (p <.001), and the hematocrit value (p <.001) were also significantly lower in patients with anemia. Multiple linear regression showed that serum albumin concentration, in addition to the hematocrit, was the driving factor for hemoglobin concentration in anemic patients (p =.004; R²=0.77).

conclusionThe present study indicates that nutritional risk plays a substantial role in anemia development in older adults. These findings may be attributable to multifactorial metabolic pathways of macro- and micronutrients on blood hemoglobin concentration. Malnourished geriatric patients with anemia may benefit from a diet rich in protein and iron-rich foods.

Indexed as

AnemiaGeriatric AssessmentHospitalizationMalnutritionAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleNutritional StatusRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsAnemiaGeriatricsInflammationMalnutritionNutrients

Identifiers

PMID40836330
PMCPMC12366388

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.