ArticleGlobal health action2025
Scrutinizing the impact of two self-regulation policies on unhealthy food marketing in children's popular television in Malaysia: a multiple-year repeated evaluation using a harmonized protocol.
Article in Global health action, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundRegulating unhealthy food marketing is critical as it is a recognized driver of childhood obesity. Two voluntary self-regulatory policies governing food advertising in the media were introduced in Malaysia in 2008 and 2013.
objectivesTo assess food advertising on Malaysian children's popular television channels across a decade using the standardized INFORMAS protocol.
methodsThe main dataset was collected cross-sectionally from 2020 to 2022 evaluating three television channels. Additionally, a retrospective comparison between the 2022 and 2012 datasets was limited to two channels commonly available for both years. Advertised foods were classified as permitted (healthy) or not-permitted (unhealthy) using a nutrient profile model of the World Health Organization. We compared advertising rates and use of persuasive marketing techniques during children's peak viewing time (PVT) versus non-PVT.
resultsUnhealthy food advertising rates remained significantly higher than healthy food for all years of measurement (all
conclusionsUnhealthy food advertising dominates Malaysian children's popular television channels, especially during PVT despite the presence of voluntary self-regulatory policies. These findings underscore the need for government-led mandatory regulations to control unhealthy food marketing targeting children.
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