ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2025
Loading of Enzymatic Cargos into Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Lung Cancer Cells.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hallmarks of the ageing lung: 10 years later.The European respiratory journal · 2026Review
- Systemic toxicity and immunotoxicity studies of glucose oxidase-loaded extracellular vesicles derived from lung cancer cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cancer cells play a crucial role in tumor progression by facilitating communication within the tumor microenvironment. These EVs carry molecular payloads that promote cancer cell survival, invasion, and metastasis. Recently, EVs have garnered significant interest as potential drug and gene delivery systems in cancer therapy. Methods: Glucose oxidase (GOX) was uploaded into EVs derived from adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549) and further used as a potent starving agent in pristine A549 cells. In uploading studies, various loading methods such as incubation with and without saponin, freeze-thaw cycles, sonication, and different electroporation setups were tested. Results: The electroporation technique exhibited the highest efficiency in loading GOX into EVs while maintaining EV integrity. GOX-loaded A549-derived EVs demonstrated significant cytotoxic effects on pristine A549 cells, suggesting that the EVs could effectively deliver enzymatic cargo to target cancer cells. Conclusion: The results highlight the potential of A549-derived EVs as "Trojan-horse-like" carriers for enzymatic cargo, offering a novel approach for targeting and disrupting metabolic pathways in lung cancer cells. This study presents EVs as promising vehicles for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents in cancer treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.