SynthesisAnnals of medicine2025
Diagnosis, treatment and clinical outcomes of extrauterine sites of leiomyomatosis: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Annals of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- A unique triple association: intravascular leiomyomatosis, benign metastasizing leiomyoma, and early-stage endometrial carcinoma.AJOG global reports · 2026Article
- Giant parasitic leiomyoma: A rare cause of acute appendicitis and bowel injury.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Diagnostic endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for disseminated parasitic leiomyomatosis after hysterectomy.Endoscopy · 2026Article
- Diffuse Uterine Leiomyomatosis: A Retrospective Study of Clinical Features and Outcomes in Nine Cases with Literature Review.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Surgical Techniques for a Parasitic Myoma Fed by the Mesentery: A Case Report and Technical Discussion.Cureus · 2026Article
- Successful management of refractory hyperprolactinemia secondary to ectopic prolactin-secreting disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis via surgical resection and postoperative leuprorelin therapy: a rare case report.Gynecology and pelvic medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis review aims to provide a comprehensive description of the clinical presentation, treatment, and histopathological features of extrauterine sites of leiomyomatosis (ESL), such as disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL), parasitic myoma (PM), benign metastatic leiomyoma (BML), and intravascular leiomyoma (IVL). The impact of previous surgery (hysterectomy or myomectomy) on development of intra-abdominal extrauterine leiomyomas (IAELs) and extra-abdominal extrauterine leiomyomas (EAELs) has been evaluated.
methodsAccording to PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Relevant articles were retrieved in full-text format and screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
results358 studies (372 cases) are included. Among IAELs, the most common symptom is abdominopelvic pain (63.9% of DPL, and 69.2% of PMs cases, respectively). In contrast, EAELs exhibit heterogeneous clinical presentations; dyspnea is the most common symptom (29.7% of BML, and 29.9% of IVL cases, respectively). 68.8% of DPL, 60% of PM, 89.7% of BML, and 56.4% of IVL patients underwent previous uterine surgery. A significant association (
conclusionsDPL, PM, BML, and IVL exhibit overlapping characteristics, requiring a multimodal approach that includes imaging, histopathology, and surgical or medical management. Greater awareness among clinicians is needed regarding surgical procedures involving ligation and/or cutting of major uterine vessels, which appear to contribute to the development of EAELs, and morcellation, which tends to promote intraperitoneal metastatic spread.
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