Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40839006›Full record

ReviewNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026

A comprehensive review on plant-derived bioactive saponins as promising antimicrobial agents: from bioavailability challenges, molecular mechanistic insights to therapeutic applications.

Nosyba A Ibrahim, Deepika Rathore, Komal Janiyani, Anjali Gupta, Abdel Moneim Elhadi Sulieman, Haroon Elrasheid Tahir, Reyaz Hassan Mir, Syeda Bushra Fatima, Mohd Adnan, Malvi Surti

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  4. Assessment of the Antimicrobial Activity ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Nosyba A IbrahimDepartment of Public Health, College of Public Health & Health Informatics, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Deepika RathoreResearch and Development Cell (RDC), Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India.
Komal JaniyaniResearch and Development Cell (RDC), Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India.
Anjali GuptaResearch and Development Cell (RDC), Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India.
Abdel Moneim Elhadi SuliemanDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Haroon Elrasheid TahirSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
Reyaz Hassan MirPharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Syeda Bushra FatimaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Mohd AdnanDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Malvi SurtiResearch and Development Cell (RDC), Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India. malvi.surti34113@paruluniversity.ac.in.

Funding

University of Hail RG-24156
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A major worldwide health concern is antimicrobial resistance (AMR), driving an urgent need for novel therapeutic agents. Saponins, glycosylated phytochemicals with amphiphilic structures, have emerged as promising candidates owing to their wide-ranging antimicrobial effects. These substances exhibit potent antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and antifungal activity against pathogens like Candida and Trichophyton species. Furthermore, saponins demonstrate potential in combating viral diseases, attributed to their ability to disrupt lipid membranes and modulate host immune responses. Recent advances in saponin research highlight innovations in extraction techniques, formulation strategies, and combination therapies, enhancing their bioavailability and therapeutic potential. Computational studies have further elucidated their mechanisms of action, supporting the development of saponin-based drug delivery systems and synergistic applications with existing antimicrobials. With their structural diversity, bioactivity, and versatility in medical, agriculture, and biotechnology applications, saponins represent a critical natural resource for addressing the AMR crisis and advancing future antimicrobial therapies. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively summarize recent findings on the antimicrobial properties of plant-derived saponins, clarify their mechanisms of action, bioavailability challenges, and highlight their therapeutic potential and future directions.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsSaponinsAnimalsBiological AvailabilityHumansAnti-Infective AgentsSaponinsAntibacterialAntifungalAntimicrobial resistanceAntiviralCombination therapiesPhytochemicalsSaponins

Identifiers

PMID40839006

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.