Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40839628›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Burden of digestive system neoplasms in middle-aged and elderly adults: Temporal trends and geographic disparities (1990-2021).

Yinying Chai, Tinghui Xu, Bihua Chen, Yi Wu, Yibo He, Shengliang Qiu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yinying ChaiThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Tinghui XuThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Bihua ChenThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yi WuThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yibo HeThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Shengliang QiuThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4538-594X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aims to comprehensively analyze the temporal trends and geographic disparities in the burden of seven digestive system neoplasms-esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, colon and rectum cancer, liver cancer, gallbladder and biliary tract cancer, pancreatic cancer, and benign and in situ intestinal neoplasms-among middle-aged and elderly populations from 1990 to 2021, and to project future trends through 2035.

methodsThis study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database to analyze the burden of seven digestive system neoplasms among middle-aged and elderly adults across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. Estimates of incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were extracted and stratified by year, sex, age group, region, and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). Trends were evaluated using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), and risk factors were analyzed using the GBD comparative risk assessment framework.

resultsIn 2021, colon and rectum cancer dominated the global burden of digestive system neoplasms. Trends from 1990 to 2021 revealed a clear split: the incidence of colon and rectum cancer (EAPC = 0.26, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.33), liver cancer (EAPC = 0.25, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.38), pancreatic cancer (EAPC = 0.55, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.57), and benign intestinal neoplasms (EAPC = 1.1, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.38) rose globally, while esophageal (EAPC = -0.92, 95% CI -1.06 to -0.79), stomach (EAPC = -1.63, 95% CI -1.71 to -1.55), and gallbladder/biliary tract cancers (EAPC = -0.28, 95% CI -0.31 to -0.25) declined. Regional hotspots for burden were East Asia and High-income Asia Pacific. Males generally faced higher burdens, except for gallbladder and biliary tract cancer. Key risk factors included smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary patterns, and metabolic factors such as high BMI and elevated fasting plasma glucose.

conclusionsThe burden of digestive system neoplasms remains substantial in middle-aged and elderly adults, with significant regional differences. With the growing aging population, efforts should prioritize high-risk populations and invest in healthcare infrastructure in middle- and low-SDI regions to control established cancers. Additionally, implementing robust global prevention policies, such as expanding disease screening, raising public health awareness, and managing metabolic disorders, is essential to mitigate the rising tide of digestive system neoplasms.

Indexed as

Digestive System NeoplasmsAgedAged, 80 and overDisability-Adjusted Life YearsFemaleGlobal Burden of DiseaseHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID40839628
PMCPMC12370137

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.