Evidence mapPaperPMID 40846808Full record

ArticleClinical rheumatology2025

Antinuclear antibodies as a risk factor for ischemic stroke or death in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation despite anticoagulation.

Maksymilian Hanarz, Michał Ząbczyk, Joanna Natorska, Elżbieta Pociask, Anetta Undas

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical rheumatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Maksymilian HanarzDepartment of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka St., 31-202, Kraków, Poland.
Michał ZąbczykDepartment of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka St., 31-202, Kraków, Poland. michalzabczyk@op.pl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-308X
Joanna NatorskaDepartment of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka St., 31-202, Kraków, Poland.
Elżbieta PociaskDepartment of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland.
Anetta UndasDepartment of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka St., 31-202, Kraków, Poland.

Funding

Wydział Lekarski, Uniwersytet Jagielloński Collegium Medicum N41/DBS/000682
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAntinuclear antibodies (ANA) at low titers of 1:40 may be present in up to 30% of healthy individuals and have been associated with increased cardiovascular mortality, but their role in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. This study assessed ANA prevalence and its association with outcomes in AF patients.

methodsIn a cohort of 240 AF patients on anticoagulant therapy (median age 69, median CHA2DS2-VASc = 4), without any ANA-related autoimmune diseases, we determined ANA (positive if > 20 ELISA units [EU]) along with antiphospholipid antibodies in accordance to ACR/EULAR (ACR/EULAR-aPL). During a median follow-up of 52 months, ischemic stroke (IS), transient ischemic attack (TIA), cardiovascular (CV) death, major bleeding, and a composite endpoint (defined as IS, TIA, or CV death) were recorded.

results43 patients (17.9%) were positive for ANA (mean 22.9 EU), including 20 (46.5%) with positive ACR/EULAR-aPL. ANA-positive patients were older (by 9.9 years), predominantly female (65.1%), and had higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores (median 5 vs 4; all P < 0.001). IS or CV death occurred in 30 patients (12.5%, 3% per year) who were ANA positive. ANA positivity was associated with the composite endpoint occurrence (odds ratio [OR] = 2.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-6.65). Furthermore, the presence of both ANA and ACR/EULAR-aPL positivity significantly increased the likelihood of the composite endpoint (OR = 4.85, 95%CI 1.75-13.43).

conclusionsPositive ANA coexisting with ACR/EULAR-aPL may contribute to the failure of oral anticoagulation in AF patients, highlighting a potential role of autoimmune mechanisms in thromboembolism associated with this common arrhythmia. Key Points • The role of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains underexplored, despite their known association all-cause mortality. • This study addresses the gap by evaluating coexistence of ANA and antiphospholipid antibodies in accordance to ACR/EULAR (ACR/EULAR-aPL) in anticoagulated AF patients without autoimmune disease. • ANA positivity, particularly when coexisting with ACR/EULAR-aPL, was associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events despite anticoagulation. • ANA was more frequently detected in patients who experienced the composite endpoint of ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack, or cardiovascular death.

Indexed as

Antibodies, AntinuclearAnticoagulantsAtrial FibrillationIschemic StrokeAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansIschemic Attack, TransientMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsAntibodies, AntinuclearAnticoagulantsAntinuclear antibodiesAtrial fibrillationDeathIschemic stroke

Identifiers

PMID40846808
PMCPMC12518481

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.