Trial reportThe Journal of head trauma rehabilitation
Responsivity of Concussion Symptom Domains to a Mind-Body Intervention for Young Adults With a Recent Concussion and Anxiety: A Pilot RCT.
Trial report in The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGiven the heterogeneity of concussion symptoms and the variety of associated multidisciplinary treatment needs, classifying concussion symptoms into domains (eg, cognitive, physical, affective, and sleep/arousal) can allow a more comprehensive approach to management. However, little is known about whether and how concussion symptom domains respond to interventions. This study aimed to (1) characterize symptom domains represented in a sample of young adults with recent concussion and co-occurring anxiety, and (2) examine changes in concussion symptom domains after 2 interventions.
methodsWe randomized 50 young adults (aged 18-35 years) with recent concussion (3-10 weeks prior) and anxiety (≥5 on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire) to a mind-body intervention (Toolkit for Optimal Recovery-Concussion [ TOR-C ]), and a comparison intervention (Health Enhancement after Concussion [ HE-C ]). Participants completed the Post Concussion Symptom Scale at 3 time points: baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month post-intervention follow-up. We used mixed-model Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)s to test changes in symptom domain scores across the 3 time points after each intervention.
resultsAt baseline, participants exhibited roughly similar ratio scores across domains (range = 0.20-0.25). All 4 domains improved for both groups across the 3 time points. Effect sizes for improvements following TOR-C were large for all domains from baseline to post-intervention (Cohen's d = -0.88 to -1.05) and from baseline to follow-up ( d = -0.92 to -1.15). Effect sizes for the HE-C control were medium-sized for all domains from baseline to post-intervention ( d = -0.54 to-0.71) and baseline to follow-up for the physical ( d = -0.71) and sleep domains ( d = -0.70), and large for the cognitive ( d = -0.94) and affective domains ( d = -0.89).
conclusionsThis study is the first to examine changes in concussion symptom domains following interventions. Symptom domains were largely equally prevalent and may be interconnected. TOR-C , a mind-body intervention which addresses anxiety, may help support concussion recovery across symptom domains.
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