Evidence mapPaperPMID 40853392Full record

ArticleCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS2025

RCN1 downregulation-driven endoplasmic reticulum stress impairs endothelial function and diabetic foot ulcer healing.

Zhiyan Weng, Xiaoyan Ren, Wanxin Lin, Lifeng Zheng, Renfu Weng, Liangxiao Xie, Fengying Zhao, Sunjie Yan, Ximei Shen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zhiyan Weng *Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Xiaoyan Ren *Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Wanxin LinDepartment of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Lifeng ZhengDepartment of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Renfu WengDepartment of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Liangxiao XieDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China.
Fengying ZhaoDepartment of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Sunjie YanDepartment of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China. fjyansunjie@163.com.
Ximei ShenDepartment of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China. niaoshe2006@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0598-366X

Funding

Fujian Association for Science and Technology 2023Y0016Medical Innovation Project of Fujian Province 2021Y9109National Natural Science Foundation of China 82370893Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province 2023J01596
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a leading cause of disability and mortality, with endothelial dysfunction playing a key role in the development of non-healing ulcers. A primary driver of endothelial cell impairment in this context is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, triggered by glycolipotoxicity, though the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we observed that diabetic mice displayed poor ulcer healing associated with reduced angiogenesis and downregulated Reticulocalbin 1 (RCN1) expression. Proteomic analysis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) identified a strong link between RCN1 and the damaging effects of glycolipotoxicity on endothelial cell function, leading to impaired tubule formation, reduced migratory capacity, and increased apoptosis in endothelial cells. Mechanistic RNA sequencing analysis highlighted a significant role for RCN1 in regulating ER function. RCN1 overexpression alleviated ER stress by reducing Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) phosphorylation and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression, both induced by glycolipotoxicity or Thapsigargin (TG), while RCN1 silencing intensified these effects. Additionally, TRIM11-mediated ubiquitination, influenced by glycolipotoxicity, regulated RCN1 stability, specifically promoting angiogenesis through RCN1 modulation. RCN1 overexpression accelerated ulcer healing in diabetic mice by suppressing ER stress proteins and enhancing angiogenesis, whereas RCN1 inhibition further delayed ulcer healing. In human DFU samples, proteomic analysis revealed that low RCN1 levels were linked to disrupted ER functional proteins, with RCN1 serum levels decreasing as diabetes progressed to DFU. Following surgical debridement treatment, RCN1 levels increased in patients with improved DFU healing outcomes. These findings suggest that ER stress, initiated by RCN1 inhibition in response to glycolipotoxicity, leads to endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis, ultimately contributing to the non-healing of DFUs.

Indexed as

Calcium-Binding ProteinsDiabetic FootEndoplasmic Reticulum StressWound HealingAnimalsApoptosisDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalDiet, High-FatDown-RegulationeIF-2 KinaseGlucoseHumansHuman Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsMaleMiceProtein StabilityCalcium-Binding ProteinseIF-2 KinaseGlucoseRCN1 protein, humanRCN1 protein, mouseTripartite Motif ProteinsUbiquitin-Protein LigasesApoptosisDiabetic foot ulcerEndoplasmic reticulum stressEndothelial cellsEndothelial functionRCN1

Identifiers

PMID40853392
PMCPMC12378791

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.