Evidence mapPaperPMID 40855441Full record

ArticleTrials2025

Implementation of Metformin Therapy to Ease Decline of Kidney Function in Polycystic Kidney Disease (IMPEDE-PKD): study protocol for a phase III, multi-centre, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the long-term efficacy of metformin in slowing the rate of kidney function decline in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Kitty St Pierre, Ragada El-Damanawi, David W Johnson, Carmel M Hawley, Andrea K Viecelli, Vivekanand Jha, Suetonia C Green, Loreto Gesualdo, Charani Kiriwandeniya, Pushparaj Velayudham and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04939935 (Implementation of Metformin theraPy to Ease Decline of Kidney Function in Polycystic Kidney Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04939935 phase3recruitingnot on this map

Implementation of Metformin theraPy to Ease Decline of Kidney Function in Polycystic Kidney Disease (IMPEDE-PKD): A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe University of QueenslandRan2022 to 2030Enrolled1,174ConditionsAutosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney DiseaseArmsMetformin XR, Control
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Kitty St PierrePrincess Alexandra Hospital, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.
Ragada El-DamanawiSheffield Kidney Institute, Sheffield, UK.
David W JohnsonPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.
Carmel M HawleyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.
Andrea K ViecelliPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.
Vivekanand JhaGeorge Institute for Global Health India, New Delhi, India.
Suetonia C GreenUniversity of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Loreto GesualdoUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Charani KiriwandeniyaThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Pushparaj VelayudhamThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Liza A VergaraThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Gabor MihalaPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.
Misa MatsuyamaThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Peta-Ann Paul BrentThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Andrew J MallettThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. andrew.mallett@health.qld.gov.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-2551
IMPEDE-PKD Global Steering Committee (see Appendix)

Funding

Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation Programme NIHR156614Health Research Council of New Zealand 23/093/AIndian Council of Medical Research IIRP-2023-4050Medical Research Future Fund MRF1199853National Health and Medical Research Council APP1092957
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the fourth most common reason for commencement of dialysis globally. There is an urgent need for treatments to slow the loss of kidney function and prevent complications in people with ADPKD. A growing body of evidence suggests metformin may have a therapeutic role in slowing cyst progression in ADPKD.

methodsIMPEDE-PKD is a prospective, multicentre, international, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of metformin versus placebo in adults with ADPKD. From November 2022, a total of 1174 participants will be targeted for recruitment globally, from participating kidney units in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, India, Hong Kong, South-East Asia and Europe. Following a 10-week run-in phase of extended-release metformin up-titrated to a maximum dose of 2000 mg, participants will be randomized 1:1 to receive either metformin or placebo and followed for 2 years. The primary outcome will be the rate of kidney function decline measured as a change in the estimated glomerular filtration rate. Secondary outcomes include other clinical markers for ADPKD progression (albuminuria, development of kidney failure), mortality, health-related QOL, pain, medication side effects, tolerability and cost-effectiveness. DISCUSSION: If proven effective, metformin would positively impact the well-being of people with ADPKD as a treatment option that is widely available and affordable.

trial registrationCLINICALTRIALS: gov NCT04939935. Registered on 25 June 2021.

Indexed as

Hypoglycemic AgentsKidneyMetforminPolycystic Kidney, Autosomal DominantAdultClinical Trials, Phase III as TopicDisease ProgressionDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansMaleMulticenter Studies as TopicProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTime FactorsHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseaseClinical trialMetformin

Identifiers

PMID40855441
PMCPMC12376749

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.