ArticleSchizophrenia research2025
T cells are associated with negative symptoms in persons with anti-gliadin antibody positive schizophrenia and related disorders.
Article in Schizophrenia research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Randomized double-blind inpatient study of a gluten-free diet for negative symptoms in people with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2026Trial
- Sex differences in abnormal gluten response and predictors of gluten sensitivity in patients with schizophrenia.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAbout one-third of persons with schizophrenia and related disorders (SRD) have elevated anti-gliadin IgG antibodies (AGA), associated with gluten sensitivity, increased negative symptoms, greater functional impairments, and limited therapeutic options. Alterations in T cells have been demonstrated in SRD, and we have previously shown that regulatory T cells (Tregs) are increased and correlate with fewer negative symptoms in SRD.
methodsWe investigated the relationship of T cells and negative symptoms in 26 clinically stable, medicated persons with AGA positive (AGA+) or AGA negative (AGA-) SRD. Negative symptoms were evaluated using the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Blood samples were analyzed for: 1) AGA-IgG levels (measured by ELISA; AGA positivity defined as ≥20U), 2) flow cytometry to quantify proportions of pan-T cells (CD3
results46 % of SRD participants were AGA+ and in this group, aTregs were increased in proportion (p = 0.0061). In AGA+ SRD, pan-T cells were correlated with higher SANS total, anhedonia, avolition and alogia scores (all p < 0.05), while increased helper T cells and Tregs were correlated with less negative symptoms (respectively, SANS total, blunting, anhedonia, and alogia; SANS total, anhedonia, alogia; all p < 0.05). AGA+ SRD also had several elevated immune markers, corresponding with a pro-inflammatory phenotype.
conclusionsThese hypothesis-generating findings suggest T cell dysfunction in AGA+ SRD, suggesting Tregs mitigating negative symptom severity, but also an unidentified other T cell population possibly contributing to negative symptomatology.
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