Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40858652›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Spectroscopic, antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies of vanillic acids.

Renata Swislocka, Natalia Kowalczyk, Aleksandra Dabrowska, Renata Choinska, Wlodzimierz Lewandowski, Grzegorz Swiderski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Multitarget Antiproliferative Activity ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Renata SwislockaDepartment of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351, Bialystok, Poland. r.swislocka@pb.edu.pl.
Natalia KowalczykDepartment of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351, Bialystok, Poland.
Aleksandra DabrowskaProf. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agriculture and Food Biotechnology-State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland.
Renata ChoinskaProf. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agriculture and Food Biotechnology-State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland.
Wlodzimierz LewandowskiDepartment of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351, Bialystok, Poland.
Grzegorz SwiderskiDepartment of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351, Bialystok, Poland. g.swiderski@pb.edu.pl.

Funding

Narodowe Centrum Nauki 2020/39/B/NZ9/01894
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vanillic acid is a phenolic compound recognized for its use as a flavoring agent in the food industry. It can be found in a variety of products, such as thyme, rice, oranges, cherries, green tea, wine, and beer. Vanillic acid has been substantiated to show various beneficial pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, antitumorigenic, free radical scavenging, antioxidant and even antivenomous activity. Since vanillic acid has low bioavailability, and bioavailability of a compound depends (among other factors) on its chemical structure, testing isomers of vanillic acid may yield promising results. Several structural and biological studies were carried out to determine the correlation between the molecular structure and biological activity of vanillic acid and its isomers (isovanillic acid and o-vanillic acid). Studies have shown that changes in the electronic structure of vanillic acids affect their different reactivity, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity. O-vanillic acid, characterized by the highest reactivity, is a weak antioxidant and the best cytotoxic compound. No direct correlation was observed between the antioxidant activity of vanillic acids and their toxic effect on model cell lines, probably due to the different mechanisms of action in the phenomena studied.

Indexed as

AntioxidantsVanillic AcidCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalHumansAntioxidantsVanillic AcidAntioxidant activityComputational researchCytotoxicityIsovanillic acido-vanillic acidSpectroscopic studiesVanillic acid

Identifiers

PMID40858652
PMCPMC12381045

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.