Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40859103›Full record

ArticleDrug delivery and translational research2026

Isolation of bacterial extracellular vesicles from raw samples using a portable microstructured electrochemical device.

Valeria Mantella, Siiri Bienz, Finn Brigger, Edouard Baulier, Marie Ramus, Nicole Zoratto, Steffen Honrath, Kumar Naresh, Sibilla Sander, Jörn Dengjel and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Drug delivery and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Valeria MantellaLaboratory of Drug Formulation and Delivery, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.
Siiri BienzLaboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.
Finn BriggerLaboratory of Drug Formulation and Delivery, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.
Edouard BaulierOM Pharma SA, Meyrin, 1217, Geneva, Switzerland.
Marie RamusOM Pharma SA, Meyrin, 1217, Geneva, Switzerland.
Nicole ZorattoLaboratory of Drug Formulation and Delivery, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.
Steffen HonrathLaboratory of Drug Formulation and Delivery, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.
Kumar NareshLaboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.
Sibilla SanderDepartment of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland.
Jörn DengjelDepartment of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland.
Renato ZenobiLaboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.
Vadim KrivitskyAcytronix GmbH, Wagistrasse 18, Schlieren, 8952, Switzerland. vadimkrivitsky@acytronix.ch.ORCID 0000-0003-0969-7302
Jean-Christophe LerouxLaboratory of Drug Formulation and Delivery, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland. jleroux@ethz.ch.ORCID 0000-0001-5601-1292

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles released by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, playing critical roles in microbial communication, host-pathogen interactions, and immune modulation. Despite their significance in research and clinical applications, conventional isolation methods, such as ultracentrifugation (UC), are often slow, labor-intensive, and susceptible to contamination. In this study, we evaluated a novel portable microstructured electrochemical device (PMED) designed for rapid and selective bacterial EV isolation directly from biological samples. Using immunoaffinity-based capture and voltage-triggered release, the device-isolated EVs from Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli), Gram-positive Lactobacillus fermentum (Lb. fermentum) culture supernatants and from urine samples spiked with E. coli , showing superior purity compared to UC. Characterization through nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Western blot confirms enhanced selectivity and reduced contaminants. Functional assays demonstrated that device-isolated Lb. fermentum EVs selectively activated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) without triggering TLR2, unlike UC-isolated EVs, suggesting a more refined immunomodulatory effect. These findings highlight the device's translational potential for EV-based diagnostics, particularly for noninvasive urinary tract infection detection, and its broader applications in studying bacterial communication and immune regulation.

Indexed as

Electrochemical TechniquesEscherichia coliExtracellular VesiclesLimosilactobacillus fermentumAnimalsHumansMiceToll-Like Receptor 4TLR4 protein, humanToll-Like Receptor 4BacteriaElectrochemical deviceExtracellular vesiclesImmune selectivityUltracentrifuge

Identifiers

PMID40859103
PMCPMC13038669

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.