ArticleClinical optometry2025
Assessing Access to and Utilization of the Advanced Diagnostic and Management Equipment for Early Keratoconus in Public and Private Healthcare Facilities Across Nyanza and Western Kenya.
Article in Clinical optometry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the availability and utilization of the advanced equipment for the diagnosis and management of early keratoconus in the public and private healthcare facilities in Nyanza and Western Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was applied. An online questionnaire was sent to the eyecare practitioners. Data on socio-demographics, equipment availability, and utilization for early keratoconus diagnosis and management were obtained and analyzed using SPSS V 29. Results: A total of 134 eyecare practitioners (out of 143), with the majority 80 (59.7%) being males, responded to the questionnaire. The study found that advanced equipment were scarcely available, such as Tomographer 14 (10.4%), Topographer 17 (12.7%) and Pachymeter 21 (15.7%) as compared to basic equipment: distance VA chart 134 (100%), trial lens/phoropter 129 (96.3%), retinoscope 128 (95.5%) and slit-lamp 111 (82.8%), with level 6 having the highest availability. Additionally, the available advanced equipment had working conditions far below standards and below standards: topographer 6 (35.2%) and contact lens fitting set 12 (46.1%). The utilization rates of the advanced equipment were low as follows: contact lens fitting set 8 (31.0%), pachymeter 11 (52.4%) and topographer 9 (52.9%). A chi-square test found a significant association between equipment availability and their utilization, VA chart (p=0.03333), trial lens/phoropter (p=0.00292), slit-lamp (p=0.00283) and keratometer (p=0.00001). Conclusion: The study revealed a lack of advanced diagnostic equipment, with some existing tools falling below standard and underutilized. It recommends that healthcare institutions prioritize the acquisition and maintenance of essential equipment. Additionally, the Ministry of Health should collaborate with stakeholders to incorporate early keratoconus detection into national eyecare guidelines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.