ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2026
Biguanides are associated with decreased early mortality and risk of acute kidney injury in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in Japan.
Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Nationwide questionnaire analysis on awareness of general practitioners for the management of chronic kidney disease in Japan.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2026Article
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15 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe most prescribed oral glucose-lowering medication worldwide is biguanide (BG), which shows potential for further therapeutic applications. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global public health emergency. Nevertheless, low-cost treatments against COVID-19 have not been established, with varying morbidity and mortality rates in each country.
methodsFrom the inpatient databases in Japan from September 2021 to March 2023, which includes the era following the development of COVID-19 vaccines, we extracted data from 168,370 patients with COVID-19 aged 20- < 80 years with diabetes mellitus treated with oral antidiabetic agents. The primary and secondary outcomes were 100-day in-hospital mortality and incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) during hospitalisation, respectively. We compared outcomes in patients who received BG with those who did not using a logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazards under both propensity score-unmatched and matched cohorts.
resultsThe incidence of in-hospital death was significantly lower in the BG group (1.18%) compared with the non-BG group (2.41%) (P < 0.001). Similarly, the incidence of AKI during hospitalisation was significantly lower in the BG group (0.66%) compared to the non-BG group (1.12%) (P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis from the propensity score-matched cohort showed a significantly better survival rate in the BG group (adjusted HR, 0.619; 95% CI, 0.545-0.702; P < 0.001).
conclusionIn patients with COVID-19, oral biguanide use may be associated with reduced in-hospital mortality and AKI risk.
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