Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40864800›Full record

ArticleCurrent issues in molecular biology2025

Linolenic Acid Inhibits Cancer Stemness and Induces Apoptosis by Regulating Nrf2 Expression in Gastric Cancer Cells.

Jen-Lung Chen, Yi-Shih Ma, Kuen-Jang Tsai, Hsin-Yi Tsai, Li-Jen Yeh, Hung-Wen Tsai, Judy Yen, Hong-Wen Tsai, Ming-Wei Lin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current issues in molecular biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jen-Lung ChenDepartment of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0003-3926-9683
Yi-Shih MaDepartment of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.
Kuen-Jang TsaiDepartment of Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.
Hsin-Yi TsaiDepartment of Medical Research, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.
Li-Jen YehDepartment of Anesthesiology, E-DA Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.
Hung-Wen TsaiDepartment of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 70403, Taiwan.
Judy YenTaipei American School, Taipei 11152, Taiwan.
Hong-Wen TsaiGraduate Institute of Patent, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan.
Ming-Wei LinDepartment of Medical Research, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-8880-5473

Funding

E-Da hospital/E-Da cancer hospital EDCHP113011, EDCHP113012, EDAHP113016, EDCHP114010, EDCHP114011, EDAHP114026 and NCKUUEDA11107
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although chemotherapy is the preferred treatment for gastric cancer, the therapeutic drugs currently available have limited efficacy and severe side effects. Cancer stem cells within tumor masses have the distinctive properties of self-renewal, maintenance, and resistance to chemotherapy. Hence, agents capable of targeting stemness in gastric tumors with minimal side effects are urgently required. Enzymes that generate reactive oxygen species contribute to the high oxidation levels observed in tumors. Additionally, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an antioxidant transcription factor, regulates cancer stemness. Increasing evidence highlights the potential of nutritional supplementation to treat cancer stemness. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids support human health and offer benefits for cancer treatment. Linolenic acid (LA), an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, inhibits the expression of proteins associated with stemness and promotes apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Our findings indicated that LA treatment substantially inhibited key characteristics of gastric cancer stemness and induced oxidative stress and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis by downregulating Nrf2-mediated expression. These results suggest that LA is a promising nutritional supplement for targeting cancer stemness in the treatment of gastric cancer.

Indexed as

cancer stemnessgastric cancerlinolenic acidNrf2ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Identifiers

PMID40864800
PMCPMC12384521

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.