Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40865633›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2026

Pressurized intraperitoneal cold atmospheric plasma as a novel therapeutic strategy for peritoneal metastatic carcinoma.

Tianhao Min, Bo Zhang, Kaijie Ren, Yuyi Ma, Rulan Ma, Yuanchang Peng, Xueni Wang, Xin Xie, Xiaoyuan Deng, Yuanyuan Liu and 12 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Tianhao MinDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Bo ZhangDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Kaijie RenDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Yuyi MaDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Rulan MaDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Yuanchang PengDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Xueni WangDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Xin XieDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Xiaoyuan DengDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Yuanyuan LiuDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Yanglong NanDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Shiyao TongDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Yong ZhangDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Kun ZhuDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Yanqiang WeiDepartment of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Nan HaoDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Changna LiangDepartment of Renal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Wei WangDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Guanjun ZhangState Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Chengxue DangDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China. Electronic address: dangchengxue@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
Tuanhe SunDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China. Electronic address: suntuanhe@xjtu.edu.cn.
Hao ZhangDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China. Electronic address: suntuanhe@xjtu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPeritoneal metastatic carcinoma (PMC) faces limited therapeutic efficacy due to the peritoneal-plasma barrier and heterogeneous drug distribution. Current standard therapy (cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, CRS + HIPEC) carries high complication rates. While pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) improves distribution, its penetration depth remains suboptimal. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) induces tumor cell apoptosis via reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) but has not been applied in intraperitoneal therapy.

objectiveThis study aimed to develop Pressurized Intraperitoneal Cold Atmospheric Plasma (PICAP), integrating CAP's RONS-mediated antitumor effects with pressure-enhanced permeation technology. We sought to overcome limitations of conventional intraperitoneal therapies (uneven distribution, inadequate penetration) and evaluate PICAP's therapeutic and prophylactic potential against peritoneal metastasis.

methodsAn in vitro peritoneal cavity model (carbon quantum dot tracers) and murine peritoneal metastasis models (MC38 colon cancer/ID8 ovarian cancer cells) compared permeability and efficacy among PICAP, PIPAC, and HIPEC. Mice received PICAP treatment (16 kV, 0.8 L/min He gas) for 0/5/10/15 min. Tumor burden, apoptosis, ROS levels, and mitochondrial function were analyzed via laparoscopy, histopathology, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. Prophylactic efficacy was also assessed.

resultsPICAP achieved full-thickness peritoneal penetration in vitro with significantly superior distribution uniformity versus PIPAC and HIPEC (p < 0.001). In murine models, 15-minute PICAP significantly reduced ascites volume and tumor burden, while markedly prolonging survival (p < 0.0001). Mechanistically, pressure-enhanced RONS delivery induced mitochondrial dysfunction (confirmed by JC-1 and MitoSOX assays), promoting tumor cell apoptosis and suppressing anoikis resistance. Prophylactic PICAP reduced surgically induced tumor implantation, achieving 100 % 90-day survival.

conclusionPICAP effectively overcomes peritoneal drug delivery barriers through pressure-enhanced RONS penetration and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways, significantly inhibiting peritoneal metastasis progression and demonstrating prophylactic potential. Its innovative design synergizing physical and biochemical effects offers a superior therapeutic strategy for PMC beyond existing modalities.

Indexed as

CarcinomaPeritoneal NeoplasmsPlasma GasesAnimalsCell Line, TumorFemaleInfusions, ParenteralMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplasms, ExperimentalPlasma GasesAnoikis resistanceCold atmospheric plasmaPeritoneal metastatic carcinomaPressurized intraperitoneal therapyReactive oxygen species

Identifiers

PMID40865633
PMCPMC13131518

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.