SynthesisRMD open2025
Hydroxychloroquine and pregnancy outcomes in patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in RMD open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Uncommon clinical presentations and diagnostic difficulties of antiphospholipid syndrome associated withMedical mycology case reports · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cells in pregnancy disorders: a multi-dimensional framework for biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Phenotype- and phase-directed immune interpretation in recurrent implantation failure and pregnancy loss: an integrative framework.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAbout 20% of female patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) experience obstetric complications despite standard treatment with aspirin and heparin. Treatment with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was shown to reduce disease flares during pregnancy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and to improve pregnancy outcomes.
objectivesTo evaluate the impact of HCQ on live birth and obstetric complication rates in pregnant women diagnosed with APS.
methodsWe systematically searched PubMed and EMBASE databases in April 2024 for original, peer-reviewed studies on HCQ efficacy and safety in APS patients. The main outcomes measured were live births and obstetric complications, comparing HCQ plus standard therapy to standard therapy alone.
resultsSeven observational studies met our inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 750 patients included in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled proportions of live births in the HCQ group were 89.9% (95% CI 76.5% to 96.0%;
conclusionsOur findings suggest that HCQ may offer potential benefits to APS patients during pregnancy by increasing the probability of live birth rates and lowering the risk for obstetric complications. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: The study was registered with PROSPERO, the prospective international register of systematic reviews (identification number CRD42024574097).
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.