ArticleBMC nephrology2025
Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease and its associated anemia, 1990 to 2021 and predictions to 2050: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Long Non-Coding RNAs and Micro RNAs in Chronic Kidney Disease: Recent Advances and Future Directions-A 5-Year Systematic Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of patients with chronic kidney disease toward osteosarcopenia.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOur objective was to conduct a thorough evaluation of the burden of CKD and its associated anemia by age and sex at the global, regional, and national levels, with projections extending to 2050.
methodsThe data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2021 were used to describe relevant indicators of CKD and its associated anemia. At different geographic levels, subgroup analysis was carried out by sex, age, and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). The time trend was examined using the joinpoint regression and decomposition analyses, and predictive analysis was utilized to further estimate the disease burden to 2050.
resultsThe incidence, prevalence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of CKD, along with the prevalence and Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) of CKD-associated anemia, maintained a steady increase and would continue until 2050. In addition, the ASRs of mortality and DALYs attributable to CKD in 2021 were highest in low SDI regions. Regionally, CKD exhibited the greatest ASRs of mortality and DALYs in Central Latin America in 2021. Meanwhile, the disease burden of CKD and its associated anemia also showed significant differences at different national levels probably mainly due to population growth and aging. Moreover, the prediction analysis showed that the ASR of incidence attributable to CKD continued to increase.
conclusionsWith the global population growth and aging, the disease burden of CKD and its associated anemia is still high and varies significantly at the global, regional, and national levels, which requires healthcare professionals to refine targeted interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.