Evidence mapPaperPMID 40869781Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025

Use of a Peer Equity Navigator Intervention to Increase Access to COVID-19 Vaccination Among African, Caribbean and Black Communities in Canada.

Josephine Etowa, Ilene Hyman, Ubabuko Unachukwu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Josephine EtowaSchool of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-2019-7958
Ilene HymanDalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5097-3773
Ubabuko UnachukwuCanadians of African Descent Health Organization (CADHO), Ottawa, ON K2J 0R6, Canada.ORCID 0009-0009-4406-3971

Funding

Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) Funding Agreement #:2122-HQ-000318F
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) communities face increased COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, coupled with significant barriers to vaccine acceptance and uptake. Addressing these challenges requires innovative, multifaceted strategies. Peer-led interventions, grounded in critical health literacy (CHL) and critical racial literacy (CRL), and integrating collaborative equity learning processes, can enhance community capacity, empowerment, and health outcomes, contributing to long-term health equity. This paper describes and presents the evaluative outcomes of a peer-led intervention aimed at enhancing COVID-19 vaccine confidence and acceptance. The Peer-Equity Navigator (PEN) intervention consisted of a specialized training curriculum grounded in CHL and CRL. Following training, PENs undertook a 5-month practicum in community or health settings, engaging in diverse outreach and educational activities to promote vaccine literacy in ACB communities. The evaluation utilized a modified Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) Framework, using quantitative and qualitative methods to collect data. Sources of data included tracking records with community feedback, and a PEN focus group, to assess program feasibility, outreach, and effectiveness. From 16 September 2022, to 28 January 2023, eight trained PENs conducted 56+ community events, reaching over 1500 community members. Both PENs and community members reported high engagement, endorsing peer-led, community-based approaches and increased vaccine literacy. The PEN approach proves feasible, acceptable, and effective in promoting positive health behaviors among ACB communities. This intervention has clear implications for health promotion practice, policy, and research in equity-deserving communities, including immigrants and refugees, who also face multiple and intersecting barriers to health information and care.

Indexed as

Black PeopleCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesHealth Services AccessibilityPeer GroupVaccinationAdultAfricaCanadaCaribbean RegionFemaleHealth EquityHealth LiteracyHumansMaleMiddle AgedCOVID-19 VaccinesAfrican American/black healthcommunity interventionCOVID-19critical race theoryhealth equityhealth promotionoutcome evaluationpeer educationpeer equityprogram planning and evaluation

Identifiers

PMID40869781
PMCPMC12386321

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.