Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40871024›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2025

Retrospective Evaluation of L-Acetyl Carnitine and Palmitoylethanolamide as Add-On Therapy in Patients with Fibromyalgia and Small Fiber Neuropathy.

Crescenzio Bentivenga, Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero, Federica Fogacci, Natalia Evangelia Politi, Antonio Di Micoli, Eugenio Roberto Cosentino, Paolo Gionchetti, Claudio Borghi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Crescenzio BentivengaCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Heart, Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.
Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe CiceroCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Heart, Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4367-3884
Federica FogacciHypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7853-0042
Natalia Evangelia PolitiDepartment of Medical and Surgical and Sciences, University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.
Antonio Di MicoliCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Heart, Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.
Eugenio Roberto CosentinoCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Heart, Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.
Paolo GionchettiDepartment of Medical and Surgical and Sciences, University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.
Claudio BorghiCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Heart, Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8039-8781

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is a complex disorder characterized by chronic widespread pain and a variety of related symptoms. Growing evidence suggests that the central and peripheral nervous systems are involved, with small fiber neuropathy playing a key role in its development. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 100 patients diagnosed with primary fibromyalgia. Those showing symptoms indicative of small fiber dysfunction who were treated with L-Acetyl Carnitine (LAC) and Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) alongside standard care (SOC) were compared to matched controls who received only SOC. To ensure comparable groups, propensity score matching was used. Changes in Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire Revised (FIQR) scores over 12 weeks were analyzed using non-parametric tests due to the data's non-normal distribution. After matching, 86 patients (43 in each group) were included. The group receiving LAC and PEA as add-on therapy experienced a significant median reduction in FIQR scores (-19.0 points,

Indexed as

add-on therapyfibromyalgiafibromyalgia impact questionnaireL-Acetyl carnitinepalmitoylethanolamideretrospective studysmall fiber neuropathy

Identifiers

PMID40871024
PMCPMC12389737

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.