Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40872770›Full record

ArticleViruses2025

SARS-CoV-2 Remdesivir Exposure Leads to Different Evolutionary Pathways That Converge in Moderate Levels of Drug Resistance.

Carlota Fernandez-Antunez, Line A Ryberg, Kuan Wang, Long V Pham, Lotte S Mikkelsen, Ulrik Fahnøe, Katrine T Hartmann, Henrik E Jensen, Kenn Holmbeck, Jens Bukh and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Remdesivir in COVID-19: pros and cons.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Carlota Fernandez-AntunezCopenhagen Hepatitis C Program (CO-HEP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-3505-4733
Line A RybergCopenhagen Hepatitis C Program (CO-HEP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Kuan WangCopenhagen Hepatitis C Program (CO-HEP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Long V PhamCopenhagen Hepatitis C Program (CO-HEP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lotte S MikkelsenCopenhagen Hepatitis C Program (CO-HEP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Ulrik FahnøeCopenhagen Hepatitis C Program (CO-HEP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Katrine T HartmannDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Henrik E JensenDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Kenn HolmbeckCopenhagen Hepatitis C Program (CO-HEP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jens BukhCopenhagen Hepatitis C Program (CO-HEP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-7815-4806
Santseharay RamirezCopenhagen Hepatitis C Program (CO-HEP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-3699-1814

Funding

Candys Foundation NADanish Agency for Science and Higher Education NAIndependent Research Fund Denmark NASygeforsikring "danmark" NAThe Mauritzen La Fontaine Fonden NAThe Novo Nordisk Foundation NAThe Region H Foundation NA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Various SARS-CoV-2 remdesivir resistance-associated substitutions (RAS) have been reported, but a comprehensive comparison of their resistance levels is lacking. We identified novel RAS and performed head-to-head comparisons with known RAS in Vero E6 cells. A remdesivir escape polyclonal virus exhibited a 3.6-fold increase in remdesivir EC

Indexed as

Adenosine MonophosphateAlanineAntiviral AgentsCOVID-19 Drug TreatmentDrug Resistance, ViralSARS-CoV-2AnimalsChlorocebus aethiopsCoronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA PolymeraseCOVID-19CricetinaeEvolution, MolecularHumansMesocricetusMutationVero CellsAdenosine MonophosphateAlanineAntiviral AgentsCoronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA PolymeraseNSP12 protein, SARS-CoV-2remdesivirViral Nonstructural Proteinsbroad-spectrum antiviralDAAfitnesshamstermutationnucleotide analogremdesivirresistanceSARS-CoV-2Vero E6

Identifiers

PMID40872770
PMCPMC12390670

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.