Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40872941›Full record

ReviewVaccines2025

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Response in Chikungunya Virus Infection: Mechanism of Activation, Immune Evasion, and Use of TLR Agonists in Vaccine Development.

Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh, Michinori Kohara, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
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  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mohammad Enamul Hoque KayeshDepartment of Microbiology and Public Health, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal 8210, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0003-4806-9843
Michinori KoharaDepartment of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-2130-5837
Kyoko Tsukiyama-KoharaTransboundary Animal Diseases Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-4403-2018

Funding

Japan Agency for Medical Research and DevelopmentTokyo Metropolitan Government
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

CHIKV is a re-emerging mosquito-borne arthritogenic alphavirus associated with large outbreaks and severe joint pain, and it poses a growing global health threat. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as key pattern recognition receptors, detect viral components and initiate antiviral immune responses. Increasing evidence highlights the role of TLR signaling in shaping CHIKV infection outcomes, though its precise contribution remains unclear. CHIKV has developed mechanisms to evade host innate immune surveillance, promoting viral replication. TLR agonists show promise as vaccine adjuvants by enhancing immune responses. In this review, we summarize current insights into TLR-mediated immunity during CHIKV infection, the virus's innate immune evasion strategies, and the potential of TLR agonists in improving vaccine efficacy.

Indexed as

chikungunya virusimmune evasioninnate immunityToll-like receptorsvaccine adjuvants

Identifiers

PMID40872941
PMCPMC12390013

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.