Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40874203›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2025

Species diversity and risk factors of gastrointestinal nematodes in smallholder dairy calves in Kenya.

Sylvia Cheptoo, Erhan Yalcindag, Lina González Gordon, Benson Rukwaro, Joseph Samuel Kimatu, Joseph Wasonga, Benedict E Karani, Gideon Ndambuki, Susan Migeni, Jesse Kagai and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Sylvia CheptooJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya.
Erhan YalcindagCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Lina González GordonCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Benson RukwaroCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Joseph Samuel KimatuCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Joseph WasongaCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Benedict E KaraniCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Gideon NdambukiCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Susan MigeniCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Jesse KagaiMazingira Centre, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Linus Eric KiprotichMazingira Centre, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Nelson SayaMazingira Centre, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Deepali VasoyaUK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Getrude NangekheCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Justus OngusoJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya.
Grace MungaiJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya.
Barend Mark BronsvoortCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Elizabeth Anne Jessie CookCentre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are of major concern in dairy farming, particularly in smallholder systems, because of their impact on the health of the calves and later on their productivity. These infections often occur as co-infections, which can complicate their prevention and treatment. The aim of this study was to conduct fecal egg counts (FEC), genetically identify GIN species, assess species diversity, and identify associated risk factors for GIN infections in dairy calves. Fecal samples were collected from 532 dairy calves across 289 small holder dairy farms. Species identification was achieved through deep amplicon sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer-2 rDNA locus (ITS-2) of first-stage larvae (L1). The mean eggs per gram (EPG) was 62.0 ± 93.0. Most of the calves 64.2% had low-intensity infections (<50 EPG), 28.6% had medium-intensity infections (50-200 EPG), and 7.2% had high-intensity infections (>200 EPG). Next Generation Sequencing analysis identified nine GIN species, with

Indexed as

co-infectionsdairy calvesdeep amplicon sequencinggastrointestinal nematodesKenyarisk factor

Identifiers

PMID40874203
PMCPMC12379043

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.