Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40877359›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Association of HLA-B gene polymorphism and blood groups with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.

Muhammad Noaman Saeed, Maha Rehman, Muhammad Nughman, Niamat Khan, Faiyaz Ahmed, Saad Ullah, Muzaffar Shojonov, Bekzod Madaminov, Rehan Naeem, Abdela Befa Kinki

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Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Muhammad Noaman SaeedDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, Pakistan.
Maha RehmanDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, Pakistan.
Muhammad NughmanDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, Pakistan.
Niamat KhanDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, Pakistan.
Faiyaz AhmedDepartment of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6666, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Saad UllahDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, Pakistan.
Muzaffar ShojonovHead of the Information Security department of the Digital Education, Technologies Center of Urgench State University, Urgench State University, Urgench, Uzbekistan.
Bekzod MadaminovDepartment of General Professional Sciences, Mamun University, Khorezm, Uzbekistan.
Rehan NaeemDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, Pakistan. dr.rehan@kust.edu.pk.
Abdela Befa KinkiDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. befabdela@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic gave insight into how host genetics influence the ability to get infected and how severe the infection will be if contracted. Among these, the HLA polymorphisms and ABO blood groups are known to influence the immune system. This study examines the correlation between HLA-B genotypes, blood groups, and the severity of COVID-19. A total of 984 COVID-19 patient samples and control samples were collected from different regions of Pakistan. Throat and nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2, and blood samples were collected for HLA-B genotyping and ABO blood group analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted using the Phenol-Chloroform method, and HLA-B genotyping was performed using the OLERUP SSP HLA typing kit. The study identified a significant association between HLA-B07:02 and increased COVID-19 susceptibility (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6-3.9, p < 0.001), whereas HLA-B15:01 was associated with a protective effect (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.9, p = 0.01). Blood group A was also linked to higher infection risk, while blood group O conferred protection. A strong correlation was observed between co-morbidities (hypertension, diabetes) and severe COVID-19 outcomes. This study provides convincing evidence that HLA-B polymorphisms and ABO blood groups play a significant role in COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.

Indexed as

ABO Blood-Group SystemCOVID-19Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseHLA-B AntigensPolymorphism, GeneticAdultAgedCase-Control StudiesFemaleGenotypeHumansMaleMiddle AgedPakistanSARS-CoV-2Severity of Illness IndexABO Blood-Group SystemHLA-B AntigensBlood groupCorrelationCOVID-19GenotypingHLAPublic healthSeverity

Identifiers

PMID40877359
PMCPMC12394550

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.