Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40882821›Full record

ArticleAppetite2026

Examining longitudinal associations between early environmental deprivation and unpredictability and dietary quality and eating behaviors a decade later.

Emily L Goldberg, Rebecca L Brock, Amy Lazarus Yaroch, Jennie L Hill, W Alex Mason, Jennifer Mize Nelson, Kimberly Andrews Espy, Timothy D Nelson

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Appetite, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Emily L GoldbergDepartment of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA. Electronic address: egoldberg2@huskers.unl.edu.
Rebecca L BrockDepartment of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA. Electronic address: rebecca.brock@unl.edu.
Amy Lazarus YarochCenter for Nutrition and Health Impact, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address: ayaroch@centerfornutrition.org.
Jennie L HillDepartment of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. Electronic address: jennie.hill@hsc.utah.edu.
W Alex MasonDepartment of Child, Youth, & Family Studies, Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA. Electronic address: amason19@unl.edu.
Jennifer Mize NelsonDepartment of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA. Electronic address: jnelson18@unl.edu.
Kimberly Andrews EspyDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA. Electronic address: kaespy13@wayne.edu.
Timothy D NelsonDepartment of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA. Electronic address: tnelson3@unl.edu.

Funding

Executive Function Development in Preschool ChildrenR01MH065668 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN · PI ESPY, KIMBERLY ANDREWS, WIEBE, SANDRA A. · 2004 to 2013
$4.8M
Neural Vulnerabilities for Obesity: A Contextualized, Longitudinal Study in AdolescenceR01DK116693 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN · PI Timothy David Nelson, Maital Neta · 2018 to 2026
$4.0M
Role of Executive Control in Adolescent Substance Use and Co-occuring ProblemsR01DA041738 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR · PI MASON, W ALEX, NELSON, TIMOTHY DAVID · 2017 to 2021
$3.1M
Modifiable predictors of neural vulnerabilities for obesityR01DK125651 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN · PI NELSON, TIMOTHY DAVID, SAVAGE, CARY R · 2020 to 2024
$3.0M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA041738NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK116693NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK125651NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH065668
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAlthough emerging evidence suggests that deprivation and unpredictability, two unique dimensions of early adversity, may be associated with eating, this association has not been examined across key developmental periods with robust measurement of dietary quality and eating behaviors. This study aims to examine the unique effect that experience of early deprivation and unpredictability may have on later eating across adolescence.

methodsParticipants in this longitudinal study were 337 children (51 % female) initially recruited between ages 3 and 6. Deprivation and unpredictability were measured upon study entry during preschool by observation and primary caregiver self-report, respectively. Eating across adolescence was measured at three time points by 24-hour dietary recalls via the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24), assessing for dietary quality, and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire R-18 (TFEQ-R18), assessing for eating behaviors. This study utilized structural equation modeling to examine longitudinal associations between deprivation, unpredictability, and dietary quality (Model #1) and between deprivation, unpredictability, and eating behaviors (Model #2), while controlling for sex, socioeconomic status, and maternal education (both models).

resultsGreater experience of early deprivation was uniquely associated with higher caloric intake and greater emotional eating across adolescence. Alternatively, greater experience of early unpredictability was uniquely associated with lower caloric intake across adolescence.

conclusionExperience of early deprivation and unpredictability emerged as significant predictors of caloric intake and emotional eating (deprivation only) across adolescence. These results have potential implications for interventions and prevention efforts aimed at reducing less healthful eating across adolescence by identifying early modifiable targets.

Indexed as

DietFeeding BehaviorAdolescentChildChild BehaviorChild, PreschoolEnergy IntakeFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesDeprivationDietary qualityEarly adversityEating behaviorsUnpredictability

Identifiers

PMID40882821
PMCPMC12554352

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.