'I am Closer to God than Ever Before': An Exploratory Study of the Religious and Spiritual Experiences of Pregnant Muslim Women in Rural Punjab, Pakistan.

Religion and spirituality have been used as tools to cope with challenging life situations, including pregnancy. Pregnancy is a stressful event, and the fear of obstetric complications makes pregnant women vulnerable and susceptible to numerous psychological and physical challenges. The present research aims to understand how Muslim pregnant women in Punjab, Pakistan, use religion and spirituality to cope with pregnancy-related medical complications and ensure safe delivery and their child's protection. The present research used a phenomenological research design using in-depth interviews as a way to gain insight into the religious and spiritual experiences of Muslim pregnant women. The data for this qualitative research came from 13 pregnant women. These participants shared five main themes about their religious and spiritual experiences during their pregnancy. The participants revealed religion and spirituality to cope with pregnancy-related vulnerabilities by offering Nawafil and Salah (prayers), recitation of Quranic verses, and the use of a rosary. They felt closer to God by practicing different religious rituals. Further, they sought spiritual support through Dum and giving charity to the needy. The study concludes that religious and spiritual practices offer comfort and hope to Muslim women during the pregnancy period by addressing their insecurities and vulnerabilities.