ArticleBMJ open2025
Does tobacco use influence bone mineral density levels in a Norwegian youth cohort followed from adolescence to young adulthood? The Fit Futures Study (2010-2022).
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the longitudinal associations between tobacco use (smoking and snuff) and bone mineral density (BMD) at femoral sites and in the total body in a Norwegian adolescent cohort, aged 16-27 years.
designProspective longitudinal cohort study.
settingA population-based study in Norwegian adolescents from the general population.
participantsIn total, 722 adolescents (385 females and 337 males) with a mean age of 16 years (SD: 0.5) from the Fit Futures Study (FF) were included at FF1 (2010-2011), with follow-up measures at age 18 years (FF2 (2012-2013)) and 27 years (FF3 (2021-2022)). Inclusion criteria were completed dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans, serum vitamin D blood samples and information on smoking, snuff use, physical activity, height, alcohol intake, hormonal contraceptive use and puberty status, all at baseline (FF1). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Associations between self-reported smoking and snuff use (categorised as never, sometimes or daily) and changes in BMD (g/cm²) at the total hip, femoral neck and total body, measured using DXA.
resultsTotal hip BMD (mean (g/cm
conclusionsWe found no statistically significant associations between smoking or snuff use and BMD levels in Norwegian adolescents from a median age of 16 to 27 years. Notably, only 2.6% of females and 3.9% of males reported smoking daily. However, in this study, moderate tobacco use did not appear to negatively influence bone growth from adolescence to young adulthood.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.