Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40889129›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)2026

Childhood cancer risk in offspring of mothers occupationally exposed to hydrocarbon solvents.

Yixin Chen, Chuanjie Deng, Beate R Ritz, Johnni Hansen, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Julia E Heck

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Unmasking hidden trends: subsite-specific mortality patterns in colorectal and anal cancers in Spain, 1999-2023.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yixin ChenDepartment of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health.
Chuanjie DengDepartment of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health.
Beate R RitzDepartment of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health.
Johnni HansenDanish Cancer Institute Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Zuo-Feng ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health.
Julia E HeckDepartment of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health.

Funding

UCLA CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY TRAINING PROGRAMT32CA009142 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ZHANG, ZUO-FENG · 1986 to 2024
$6.3M
Parental Occupation and Childhood CancersR03ES021643 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HECK, JULIA · 2012 to 2013
$152k
NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009142NIEHS NIH HHS R03 ES021643
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Little is known about maternal occupational exposure to hydrocarbons and offspring cancer risk. We aimed to estimate childhood cancer risk associated with maternal exposure to aliphatic/alicyclic, aromatic, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, and methylene chloride, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and toluene. In this case-control study, all cancer cases ( N  = 10 442) diagnosed at less than 20 years (born 1968-2016) in Denmark were matched to 261 050 cancer-free controls (25 : 1 matching ratio). Maternal exposure during pregnancy was determined from a job-exposure matrix. We performed unconditional logistic regression to estimate cancer risks from hydrocarbon exposures, adjusting for maternal age, maternal birthplace, and the child's birthplace. For medulloblastoma, we observed strong associations with maternal occupational exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbons [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29-4.20] including the individual solvents: trichloroethylene (aOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.08-2.88) and methylene chloride (aOR: 1.62, 95% CI: 0.98-2.68). The risk of medulloblastoma also increased with maternal exposure to aliphatic/alicyclic hydrocarbons (aOR: 1.78, 95% CI: 0.99-3.20), aromatic hydrocarbons (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 0.93-2.89), and toluene (aOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.04-3.22). The risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) increased with exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbons (aOR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.09-3.51). The strongest association with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was observed for aromatic hydrocarbons (aOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.07-1.71). We saw increased risks in medulloblastoma, NHL, and ALL in offspring of mothers occupationally exposed to solvents in pregnancy over a span of 50 years in Denmark. We encourage maternal workplace safety measures that reduce exposures in pregnancy to improve children's health.

Indexed as

HydrocarbonsMaternal ExposureNeoplasmsOccupational ExposurePrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsSolventsAdolescentAdultCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolDenmarkFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInfantHydrocarbonsSolventschildhood cancerDenmarkhydrocarbon solventsmaternal exposureoccupational exposurepregnancy

Identifiers

PMID40889129
PMCPMC12554087

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.