Evidence mapPaperPMID 40892249Full record

ArticleEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2026

Association between high-density lipoprotein-related inflammation index and prevalence of sleep disorders with depression as a mediator.

Shuo Gao, Pu-Le Liu, Qiang-Li Dong, Xin-Ru Liu, Zhi-Qiang Dong, Ya-Wen Pan

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Shuo Gao *Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Pu-Le Liu *Department of Mental Health, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Qiang-Li DongDepartment of Mental Health, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Xin-Ru LiuDepartment of Mental Health, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Zhi-Qiang DongDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China. ddwe023@163.com.
Ya-Wen PanDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.

Funding

Lanzhou University Second Hospital CYXZ2023-55Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province No. 21JR11RA120Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province No. 21JR1RA125
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSleep disorders have a significant impact on physical health, mental health, and daily functioning, exacerbated by the accelerating pace of life and rising work-related stress in contemporary society. The incidence of sleep disorders continues to rise annually, becoming a significant global public health issue. The white blood cell-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio (WHR), lymphocyte-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio (LHR), monocyte-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio (MHR), neutrophil-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio (NHR), and platelet-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio (PHR) are emerging, convenient, and cost-effective biomarkers that reflect systemic inflammation and immunometabolic status. Given the growing evidence linking chronic inflammation and dysregulated immune responses to prevalence of sleep disorders, exploring the association between these hematologic-lipid ratios and prevalence of sleep disorders may provide novel insights into underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

methodsThe study included a diverse and extensive sample of 43,273 participants, selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and March 2020. The association between HDL- associated inflammatory biomarkers and prevalence of sleep disorders was explored using a multivariate logistic regression model with weighted analysis. In addition, the mediating role of depression levels (PHQ-9) between HDL-associated inflammatory markers and prevalence of sleep disorders was examined.

resultsThis study suggests that higher levels of MHR and PHR were associated with an increased risk of sleep disorders, with a more pronounced association observed for MHR among male smokers and individuals with comorbidities, and for PHR among males and those with comorbidities. Mediation analysis demonstrates that depression level (PHQ-9) plays a significant mediating role between prevalence of sleep disorders and MHR or PHR.

conclusionElevated MHR and PHR levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of sleep disorders. The association of MHR was particularly pronounced among male smokers and individuals with comorbidities, while PHR showed stronger associations in males and those with comorbidities. Depression levels partially mediated these associations. MHR and PHR may serve as clinically useful biomarkers for identifying high-risk individuals, supporting the need for early screening and intervention. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm causality and assess whether targeting these indices can improve sleep outcomes.

Indexed as

Cholesterol, HDLDepressionInflammationLipoproteins, HDLSleep Wake DisordersAdultAgedBiomarkersComorbidityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPrevalenceUnited StatesBiomarkersCholesterol, HDLLipoproteins, HDLEconomical biomarkersHigh-density lipoproteinInsomniaPHQ-9Sleep disorders

Identifiers

PMID40892249

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.