Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40894483›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2025

Association of body composition and cardiovascular fitness with hypertension in a middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study.

Junga Lee, Jisuk Chae, Mihee Kim, Soo Young Jung, Seung Don Yoo, Si-Hyuck Kang, Kyesan Lee, Jung-Hyun Kim

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07170904 (The Relationship Between Dietary Patterns and Hair Zinc Levels With Body Composition, TNF-α, and Blood Pressure in Women of Reproductive Age), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07170904 recruitingnot on this map

The Relationship Between Dietary Patterns and Hair Zinc Levels With Body Composition, TNF-α, and Blood Pressure in Women of Reproductive Age (WRA) With Multi-Ethnicities in Jakarta: A Cross-Sectional Study

TypeobservationalSponsorIndonesia UniversityRan2025 to 2026Enrolled188ConditionsBody Composition, Zinc Status, Dietary Analysis, TNF AlphaArmsNot applicable- observational study
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Junga LeeGraduate School of Sport Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea.
Jisuk ChaeGraduate School of Sport Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea.
Mihee KimGraduate School of Sport Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea.
Soo Young JungGraduate School of Sport Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea.
Seung Don YooDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Si-Hyuck KangDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Republic of Korea.
Kyesan LeeDepartment of Electric, School of Electronics and Information, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea.
Jung-Hyun KimDepartment of Sports Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between cardiovascular fitness, body composition (particularly abdominal obesity), and hypertension in middle-aged adults, considering the influence of factors such as age, gender, smoking status and alcohol status. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 healthy adults (mean aged 54.23 ± 7.34) recruited. Participants underwent assessments of anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, and physical fitness. The primary outcome was the prevalence of hypertension. Secondary outcomes included body composition measures (body fat mass, body lean mass and waist circumference), and physical fitness assessments [grip strength, sit-ups, sit-and-reach test, and Young Men's Christian Association step (YMCA) test]. Participants with hypertension had significantly higher body fat mass and waist circumference compared to those without hypertension. Results: The risk of hypertension was significantly increased by 16.8% with a 1 kg increase in body fat and by 14.0% with a 1 cm increase in waist circumference. The risk of hypertension was significantly increased in the group with hypertension accompanied by abdominal obesity as cardiovascular fitness, measured by the YMCA step test, decreased (Adjusted OR: 0.339, 95% CI: 0.170-0.679). Conclusion: These findings highlight the significant association between abdominal obesity, reduced cardiovascular fitness, and hypertension in middle-aged Korean adults. Abdominal obesity and low cardiovascular fitness were identified as independent risk factors for hypertension in this population. These results suggest that weight management to reduce abdominal obesity and regular physical activity to promote cardiovascular fitness are key to the prevention and management of hypertension.

Indexed as

abdominal obesitybody compositioncardiovascular fitnesshypertensionmiddle-aged adultsstep testweight loss

Identifiers

PMID40894483
PMCPMC12390973

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.