Evidence mapPaperPMID 40895174Full record

ArticleClinical interventions in aging2025

Time-Lagged Effects of Hyperglycemia on Inflammation in Older Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Nutritional Insights and Personalized Intervention Windows.

Lei Miao, Qing Xiao, Jingxian Liao, Chunhui Xie, Xiaozhu Shen

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Article in Clinical interventions in aging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 authors.

Lei Miao *Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China.
Qing Xiao *Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China.
Jingxian LiaoDepartment of Geriatrics, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0005-3079-5048
Chunhui XieDepartment of Geriatrics, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China.
Xiaozhu ShenDepartment of Geriatrics, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People's Republic of China.

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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The dynamic interplay between glucose metabolism and systemic inflammation is increasingly recognized as a pivotal factor influencing outcomes in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), yet its temporal patterns and the modifying role of nutritional status remain insufficiently understood. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 507 older adults (≥65 years) hospitalized with CAP were included. Serial measurements of blood glucose (GLU), C-reactive protein (CRP), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were obtained at admission, 24 hours, and 72 hours. Cross-correlation function (CCF) analysis was used to characterize lagged temporal relationships among biomarkers, while autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models predicted biomarker trends. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to 28-day survival, diabetes status, nutritional status, and age. Results: Patients who died within 28 days had higher CRP, NLR, and GLU levels across all time points compared to survivors, with pronounced delays in normalization of inflammatory markers and persistent hyperglycemia (all P<0.001). CCF analyses demonstrated that glucose elevations often preceded increases in CRP and NLR, particularly at a lag of -1, indicating early metabolic perturbations can foreshadow subsequent inflammatory surges. Survivors showed evidence of timely feedback regulation, with negative correlations at subsequent lags, while non-survivors, malnourished patients, and those aged ≥85 years exhibited disrupted, delayed, or reversed cross-correlation patterns. ARIMA models provided robust predictions, identifying critical intervention windows based on biomarker trends. Conclusion: These findings reveal the systemic impact of hyperglycemia on inflammation and suggest potential benefits of nutritional interventions targeting glucose control to modulate inflammatory responses in elderly CAP patients. Overall, this study underscores the importance of integrating metabolic monitoring with nutritional strategies to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Indexed as

Community-Acquired InfectionsHyperglycemiaInflammationPneumoniaAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersBlood GlucoseCommunity-Acquired PneumoniaC-Reactive ProteinFemaleHumansLymphocytesMaleNeutrophilsNutritional StatusBiomarkersBlood GlucoseC-Reactive ProteinARIMA modelingbiomarker dynamicsChinacommunity-acquired pneumoniacross-correlation analysisglucose metabolisminflammationolder adults

Identifiers

PMID40895174
PMCPMC12396227

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.