Evidence mapPaperPMID 40896241Full record

ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2025

Metabolic Deficiencies in the Vitreous of Diabetic Retinopathy: Exploring the Potential of Dietary Supplementation to Address Key Metabolite Imbalances.

John Kim Hiller, Elise Sandås Sand, Helge Rootwelt, Anja Østeby Vassli, Xhevat Lumi, Morten Carstens Moe, Tor Paaske Utheim, Katja Benedikte Prestø Elgstøen, Goran Petrovski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

John Kim HillerCenter for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0009-0008-9409-9940
Elise Sandås SandDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Helge RootweltDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Anja Østeby VassliDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Xhevat LumiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Eye Clinic, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9865-4111
Morten Carstens MoeCenter for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Tor Paaske UtheimDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Katja Benedikte Prestø Elgstøen *Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Goran Petrovski *Center for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the metabolic alterations in the vitreous humor of patients with diabetes across different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and explore potential dietary interventions to mitigate these changes. Patients and Methods: Vitreous samples were collected from 23 patients undergoing vitrectomy and grouped into controls, diabetic without DR, non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). Metabolomic analysis was performed using mass spectrometry, focusing on identifying significantly altered metabolites. Results: A total of 82 features were identified, of which several were significantly reduced in DR compared to controls. Ascorbate and taurine were notably lower in NPDR ( Conclusion: The results suggest that key metabolites involved in antioxidant defense, membrane integrity, and neuronal function are disrupted in the vitreous humor of patients with DR. Dietary supplementation targeting these metabolic deficiencies, such as increased intake of ascorbate, taurine, serine, choline, and stachydrine, may offer adjunctive support in managing DR progression.

Indexed as

diabetic retinopathydietary supplementationmetabolomicsoxidative stressretinal healthvitreous humor

Identifiers

PMID40896241
PMCPMC12399104

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.