ArticleBiology of sex differences2025
Sex- and age- differences in the expression of critical blood-brain barrier regulators: a physiological context.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Modeling blood-brain barrier-glioblastoma interactions: implications for chemoresistance and therapeutic targeting.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Review
- Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Unraveling the Mitophagy-Oxidative Stress Axis for Neuroprotective Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Evaluating sex as a biological variable in in vitro blood-brain barrier models: insights from primary mouse brain endothelial cells.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- Plasma platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β decrease correlates with blood-brain barrier damage in Alzheimer's disease.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAvailable evidence indicates that blood-brain-barrier (BBB) dysfunction exacerbates with the advancing age and is implicated in a variety of neurological diseases and that there are significant sex differences in these diseases. However, the sex differences and age-related changes in BBB structure and function are still unclear under physiological conditions.
methodsIn this study, the mRNA was extracted from the cortical tissues and brain microvessels of male and female mice aged 3 months and 10 months to detect the expression of important BBB-related genes by qPCR.
resultsUnder physiological conditions, compared with age-matched male counterparts, female mice reported a significantly lower mRNA expression of tight junction-related genes (cldn5 and occludin), transporters (Glut1 and D-gp), pericyte marker (Pdgfrb), microvessel marker (Cd31), basement membrane component (Col4a2), glycocalyx-related genes (Hs3st1, Extl2, and Clgalt), vascular homeostasis-related genes (Hif1a, Ddit4, and Pik3ca), and some regulatory genes (Adm, Zfpm2 and Nr3c1). A similar outcome was found in the 10-month mice when compared with the 3-month counterparts.
conclusionThis study systematically analyzes the expression characteristics of key BBB regulatory genes in different sexes and ages under physiological conditions and reveals a marked sex difference in the expression of BBB structure/function-related genes, which may persist with the advancing age. The findings may provide important theoretical insights into the pathogenesis of sex-and age-related neurological diseases.
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