Evidence mapPaperPMID 40898403Full record

ReviewEuropean psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists2025

Urban mental health: a position paper of the European psychiatric association.

Błażej Misiak, Julia Karska, Szymon Kowalski, Philippe Courtet, Umberto Volpe, Meryam Schouler-Ocak, Marianne Destoop, Kristina Adorjan, Fabian Kraxner, Victor J A Buwalda and 4 more

Abstract readReviewConsensus Statement
In one paragraph

Review in European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Błażej MisiakDepartment of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Julia KarskaDepartment of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4869-5943
Szymon KowalskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0864-1537
Philippe CourtetIGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-8586
Umberto VolpeUnit of Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neurosciences/DIMSC, School of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-7609
Meryam Schouler-OcakPsychiatric University Clinic of Charité at St. Hedwig Hospital, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1846-3500
Marianne DestoopMultiversum Psychiatric Hospital, Brothers of Charity Belgium, Boechout, Belgium.
Kristina AdorjanInstitute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7501-9556
Fabian KraxnerPractice Mental Health Company, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8770-3997
Victor J A BuwaldaPublic Health Services Amsterdam(GGD Amsterdam), Amsterdamthe Netherlands.
Jonathan CampionSouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Julian BeezholdGreat Yarmouth Acute Service, Northgate Hospital/Norfolk & Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Great Yarmouth, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9857-1669
Peter FalkaiDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Geert DomCollaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6492-0429

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUrbanization, the shift of a growing population into urban areas, is shaping global development across infrastructure, health, and sustainability. Although it brings economic growth, innovation, and improved access to services, it may also impact mental health.

methodsThe present article was prepared on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association and explores the complexity of associations between urbanization and mental health, highlighting both potential risks and opportunities for improvement.

resultsUrban growth often leads to increased population density, social fragmentation, and environmental stressors, including noise, pollution, and reduced green spaces, all of which might account for worsening mental health. Urban residents might be at risk of various mental disorders due to these stressors, accompanied by the risk of social disconnection. Moreover, socioeconomic disparities in urban settings can lead to unequal healthcare access, further contributing to these challenges. However, urbanization also offers unique opportunities to improve mental health through better resource allocation, innovative healthcare solutions, and community-building initiatives. Indeed, cities might serve as areas for mental health promotion by integrating mental health services into primary care, utilizing digital health technologies, and fostering environments that promote social interactions and well-being. Urban planning that prioritizes green spaces, safe housing, and accessible public transportation holds the potential to mitigate some risks related to urban living.

conclusionsWhile urbanization presents significant challenges to mental health, it also provides grounds for transformative interventions. Addressing the mental health needs of urban populations requires a multifaceted approach that includes policy reform, community engagement, and sustainable urban planning.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersMental HealthMental Health ServicesUrban HealthUrbanizationUrban PopulationEuropeHealth Services AccessibilityHumansSocieties, Medicalmental healthpollutionsocial determinantsurbanicityurban planning

Identifiers

PMID40898403
PMCPMC12439315

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.