ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2025
Global, regional, and national burdens of congenital heart anomalies from 1990 to 2021, and projections to 2050.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Not all children are the same: how the Aesculapius project uses imaging to bridge the gap in Congenital Heart Diseases.European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Congenital heart anomalies (CHAs) are the most prevalent birth defects, significantly impacting pediatric populations and healthcare systems worldwide. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the global burden of CHAs, focusing on sex-stratified trends across Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, we assessed sex-disaggregated metrics including prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) for CHAs in 21 GBD regions and 204 countries. Results: CHA prevalence and incidence remained stable, with higher incidence in lower SDI regions. Mortality rates, age-standardized DALYs, and YLLs consistently decreased, with males showing higher rates, particularly in low SDI areas. YLDs increased in non-high SDI regions, indicating a growing disability burden. Globally, age-standardized prevalence rates showed a downward trend in countries like China and Ethiopia, while an upward trend was seen in Turkmenistan and Argentina. Incidence rates generally decreased, except in Spain and France. Age-standardized death rates nearly universally declined. YLDs increased in over half of the nations, including Belgium and Spain. Correlation analysis revealed increasing trends of prevalence and YLDs with rising SDI, while incidence, deaths, DALYs, and YLLs demonstrated a declining trend with SDI elevation. From 2022 to 2050, the prevalence of congenital heart anomalies is projected to rise significantly, especially in the 0-4 age group, while mortality rates are expected to continue a slow downward trend, particularly in the 20-69 age group. Conclusions: The burden of CHAs is influenced by sex and SDI, with a projected increase in prevalence and a continued decline in mortality. The increasing trend of YLDs highlights the need for targeted public health strategies to address the growing disability burden and ensure global health equity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.