Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40903050›Full record

ReviewEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2025

Air pollution and alveolar health.

Carmelo Sofia, James G H Parkin, Joseph A Bell, Lareb S N Dean, Liam J Edgeway, Lucy Sayer, Natasha H C Easton, Donna E Davies, Ben G Marshall, Stephen T Holgate and 3 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Health effects of air pollution on chronic respiratory diseases.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026
    Review
  4. Small airways dysfunction: associated factors, clinical aspects and new perspectives.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Carmelo SofiaSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
James G H ParkinSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Joseph A BellSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Lareb S N DeanSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8703-9236
Liam J EdgewaySchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Lucy SayerSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Natasha H C EastonSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9168-3294
Donna E DaviesSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5117-2991
Ben G MarshallSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Stephen T HolgateSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Luca RicheldiFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Mark G JonesSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6308-6014
Matthew LoxhamSchool of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK m.loxham@soton.ac.uk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-538X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Exposure to air pollution has been associated with up to 9 million premature deaths per year worldwide, with the respiratory system a key site for its effects. Air pollution exposure is a well-established risk factor for the development and exacerbation of airways diseases and lung cancer, however relatively little is known regarding the risks associated with air pollution interacting with areas of gas exchange - the alveoli and pulmonary interstitium. In recent years, evidence has emerged identifying a role in the development and progression of sub-clinical interstitial lung abnormalities as well as progression and risk of exacerbation of fibrotic interstitial lung diseases. This review outlines the epidemiologic evidence that air pollution perturbs alveolar health. It considers the different components of ambient air pollution, how penetration to the alveoli is determined by particle size and whether the response to alveolar exposure may be modulated by personal susceptibility factors. We discuss potential acute and chronic pathogenic mechanisms of injury upon the pulmonary interstitium and how these may contribute to the development and/or progression of interstitial processes. Finally, we explore current knowledge gaps and the potential for air pollution interventions in vulnerable individuals to support alveolar homeostasis and so prevent disease development and/or progression.

Indexed as

Air PollutantsAir PollutionInhalation ExposureLung DiseasesLung Diseases, InterstitialParticulate MatterPulmonary AlveoliAnimalsDisease ProgressionHumansRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsAir PollutantsParticulate Matter

Identifiers

PMID40903050
PMCPMC12406027

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.