Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40909291›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025

Oxidative stress, DAMPs, and immune cells in acute pancreatitis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.

Hanwen Chen, Yanhong Wang, Maddalena Zippi, Sirio Fiorino, Wandong Hong

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Personalizing treatment of pancreatitis-associated chronic pain: the need for an integrated omics approach.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Astragaloside IV AlleviatesAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hanwen ChenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yanhong WangSchool of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Maddalena ZippiUnit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Sirio FiorinoMedicine Department, Internal Medicine Unit, Budrio Hospital Azienda USL, Budrio, Bologna, Italy.
Wandong HongDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a gastrointestinal disease characterized by inflammation of the pancreas and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of AP involves a complex interplay of cellular and molecular mechanisms, including oxidative stress, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and the infiltration of various immune cells. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying AP, the role of different immune cells in its progression and potential therapeutic perspectives. Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense system, plays a crucial role in AP. ROS not only contribute to cell necrosis and apoptosis, but also activate immune cells and perpetuate inflammation. DAMPs released from damaged cells activate the innate immune response by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the recruitment of immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells. These immune cells further amplify the inflammatory response by releasing cytokines and chemokines. Neutrophils are among the first responders in AP, contributing to both tissue damage and repair, as well as the double-site sword effect of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Other immune cells, including T cells, dendritic cells, mast cells and monocytes/macrophages, are involved in modulating the inflammatory response and tissue repair processes. The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses is critical in determining the severity and outcome of AP. A table of targeted drugs or substances available in clinical trials is provided at the end of this paper, with the aim of providing available opportunities for clinical treatment. Nevertheless, precise targeted drugs are still urgently needed in clinical treatment, where more in-depth research is needed.

Indexed as

AlarminsOxidative StressPancreatitisAcute DiseaseAnimalsHumansImmunity, InnateNeutrophilsReactive Oxygen SpeciesAlarminsReactive Oxygen Speciesacute pancreatitisDAMPsmacrophageneutrophiloxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID40909291
PMCPMC12405227

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.